Kidney disease, also called pyelonephritis, is when germs cause problems with your kidneys or both. It is a type of urinary tract infection (UTI). The main function of your kidneys is to remove waste products and to absorb more water from your bloodstream. Kidney infection (pyelonephritis) is a type of urinary tract infection (UTI) that usually starts in the urethra or bladder and extends to one or both kidneys. Kidney infection needs immediate attention. Left untreated, kidney infection can permanently damage your kidneys or germs can spread to your bloodstream and cause life-threatening illnesses. Treatment of kidney infection, which usually includes antibiotics, may require hospitalization.
Symptoms; signs and symptoms of kidney infection may include: fever, cold, back pain, side (flank) or groin, abdominal pain, frequent urination, strong, persistent desire to urinate, feeling hot or painful when urinating, nausea and vomiting, pus or blood in your urine (hematuria) and bad or cloudy urine. Causes; bacteria that enter your urinary tract through your urethra can multiply and travel to your kidneys. This is the most common cause of kidney infection. Bacteria from other infections in your body can also spread through your bloodstream to your kidneys. Although it is not uncommon to develop kidney disease, it is possible - for example, if you have an artificial joint or an infected heart valve. Rarely, kidney failure occurs after kidney surgery. Risk factors; factors that increase the risk of kidney infection includes; Being a woman; the urethra in women is shorter than in men, making it easier for germs to pass from the body to the bladder. The proximity of the urinary tract to the female private part and anus also creates a greater risk of infection entering the bladder. Once in the bladder, the disease can spread to the kidneys. Pregnant women are at an even greater risk of kidney infection. Closure of the urinary tract, this includes anything that slows down the flow of urine or reduces your ability to empty your bladder when you urinate - including kidney stones, something unusual in the structure of your urinary tract or, in men, an enlarged prostate gland. Having a weakened immune system, these include medical conditions that impair your immune system, such as diabetes and HIV. Certain medications, such as drugs taken to prevent transplantation, have a similar effect. Having nerve damage around the bladder, a nerve or spinal cord injury can prevent the infection from affecting the bladder so that you do not know when it is time to move on. Using a urinary catheter for a long time, urine catheter tubes are used to remove urine from the bladder. You may be able to place a catheter during and after certain surgical procedures and diagnostic tests. You can use one continuously if you are trapped in bed. Having an old condition that urine flows in the wrong way. In vesicoureteral reflux, a small amount of urine flows from the bladder to the ureter and kidneys. People with this condition are at greater risk of developing kidney disease in childhood and adulthood.
Normal conditions; the urinary tract is a system of drainage. It includes two kidneys, two urethra, bladder, and the urethra. Healthy kidneys work day and night to cleanse our blood. These 2 bean-shaped limbs are located near the center of the back, just below the rib cage. One kidney sits on each side of the spine. Our kidneys are the primary filter for our bodies. They cleanse about 100 gallons [150 L] of blood a day. Every day, they make about 1-2 liters of urine by injecting water and waste into the bloodstream. Urine usually travels from the kidneys to another and exits through a tube. Like a filter, the kidneys control many things to keep us healthy: Liquid balance, electrolyte levels (eg, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, acid). Urine disposal, blood pressure control and red blood cell count. When the kidneys are damaged, they may not function properly. In most cases, the other damage will not cause too much trouble. However, severe damage may require additional treatment, such as dialysis.
Treatment; kidney disease is treated with antibiotics. This medicine is given as a pill to be taken at home. If the infection is severe, or if the patient vomits, you may need to go to the hospital for antibiotics (IV). To cure infection and prevent recurrence, it is common to receive two or more weeks of antibiotics. After treatment, urine rituals are used to ensure that the infection does not return. If possible, an additional two weeks of medication are given. If it happens again, up to 6 weeks of use can be used. When to see a doctor? Make time to see your doctor if you have any signs of anxiety or symptoms. If you are being treated for a urinary tract infection but your symptoms and signs are not improving, make an appointment. Acute kidney infection can lead to life-threatening complications. Get medical help immediately if you have symptoms of kidney infection including bloody urine or nausea and vomiting.
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