In Early times transfusion of blood from one person to another was dangerous and successful. This is because plasma of some individuals. This factors produce agglutination or fever lysis of the RBC of the other persons. this reaction occur due to the presence of antigen and antibody in the blood. Antigen are present in the RBC. They are of two types A and B. Antibodies present in the plasma. They are of two types alpha and beta depending on the presence of these two substance blood is grouped as follows:
Group A contains a antigen and beta antibody.
Group B contains antigen and alpha antibodies.
Group AB contains AB antigen and no antibodies.
Group O contains no antigen but alpha and beta antibodies.
Antibody alpha react with Aand B react with B hence alpha is also known as anti A. B is known as Anti Bcorresponding li a cell are not compatible with alpha serum and B cell are not compatible with beta serum hence in the same individual the antigen in RBC and antibodies in plasma can never be incompatible otherwise RBC haemolysis and the person may die.
The person having blood group A can donate to A and AB receive from A and O. Blood group B person can donate to B and AB and can receive from B and O likewise blood group O person can donate to all blood group person and receive only from O blood group only. the AB blood group person can donate to only AB blood group individual and can Receive from all blood group individuals.
Based upon that it can be seen that group O blood can match with all other blood groups. But this group of individuals can receive blood only from your group and not from any other groups. Individuals with a group of blood are called universal donors.
Individuals with blood group AB can receive blood from all groups and can donate only to AB blood group person they are called universal recipients.
Hop you got some information about blood group, thank you.
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