How Educational System overview
Basically, there are two systems of education prevalent in Pakistan: the traditional religion-based education system and the modern formal education system begun under British colonial rule and continued after the country's independence.
Both systems are financed by the ministry of education, although the scrutiny by the government of standards in the modern education sector is far stricter than for the madrassas.
Since the late 1970s, with the increasing Islamization of Pakistan's polity and society, the management of the traditional institutions has been streamlined both at the provincial and the federal levels by the mullahs. This was partly helped by the fact that the madrassas were financed out of the karat, the Islamic tithe collected by the government.
Traditional school:
Above the primary level are the manta schools, attached to the mosques, where children are initiated in religious instruction emphasizing memorization of the verses in the holy Quran.
Those who complete elementary education are awarded certificates depending on their proficiency in Nazi (Reading of Holy Quran), High (Memorization of Holy Quran), and Tweet(Techniques for the Recitation of Holy Quran).
Those who complete the equivalent of secondary level education are awarded the Tasman certificate. The examination leading to it includes Arabic language and literature, Islamic law and jurisprudence, and translation of some chapters of the Quran. The higher level of Islamic learning is imparted at the madrassas, whose graduates, called fails, are qualified to be religious teachers in secondary schools as well as teaching religious subjects in the modern education system. They may be awarded Mauqoof Alain, equivalent to a bachelor's degree, for their advanced knowledge of Arabic language and literature, history, logic, and the ability to translate passages from the Quran. Still more advanced education is given at marina, which are university-level postgraduate institutions that award Dubai Hadith—regarded as being the equivalent of a master's degree—indicating the candidate's specialization in the meaning and interpretation of the sayings of Prophet Muhammad.
At all levels of the traditional system of education, secular subjects such as math and science, essential for the functioning of modern societies, are not taken seriously, making the students, in the words of sandy in his First Principles of the Islamic State (1960), "incapable of giving any lead to the people regarding modern political problems."
Until the 1980s, enrollment in these schools was limited because of the justified general perception that such an education did not help future employment prospects or pursuit of a profession. Therefore, there was an increasing trend until that point of time in favor of introducing "regular" subjects in the curriculum of the traditional schools.
In the 1980s, President Tan weer promoted the madrassas, partly out of his personal conviction that instruction in such schools would help the people to behave as genuine followers of the Islamic faith and partly because such institutions helped him to mobilize support of the religious hierarchy and religion-based political parties for his rule.
Their support was also valuable to him in the recruitment of soldiers for the anti-Soviet war in Afghanistan. The number of madrassas in the country grew rapidly, financed by the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, and Iran as well as by affluent Pakistan industrialists and businessmen both at home and abroad.
During that period, the efforts of the government to broaden the curriculum of the madrassas failed because the religious heads refused to accept any suggestions for change on grounds that the government had no right to interfere in an education system fashioned twelve centuries ago by the Caliphate in Baghdad.
“EDUCATION IS A MATTER OF LIFE AND DEATH FOR PAKISTAN. THE WORLD IS PROGRESSING SO RAPIDLY THAT WITHOUT The REQUISITE ADVANCE IN EDUCATION, NOT ONLY SHALL WE LAG BEHIND OTHERS BUT MAY BE WIPED OUT ALTOGETHER.”
Education is very important in practical and physical life. There are most important for job and business.
You must be logged in to post a comment.