Nature and consequences of non-cooperation movement.
The Non-Cooperation Movement marked the beginning of a new era in the history of India's national movement after the First World War. After the political leadership in this era and Mahatma Gandhi took over and in the beginning Mahatma Gandhi had a feeling of devotion towards the British Empire but from the first to the time of the war and some events after that made him an enemy of the British Empire. Therefore, he was compelled to agitate against the British government, under his leadership the non-cooperation movement was initiated in 1920. This movement is considered to be the first mass movement in the history of Indian nationalism. The non-cooperation movement was a resistance to the British rule, its nature was of resistance expression.
There were several major reasons for this movement, of which the following are particularly noteworthy.
1. Political factor: - The impact of the First World War on the political of the countries under it was immense. Due to the war, the great empires of the world collapsed. Due to which these countries were greatly inspired by the criminals, at the time of war, a theory was propounded by the Allies, which is called the principle of self-determination.
2. Military policy of the British: - When the world war started, the government followed a large number of policies to recruit in the army. The man was forced to roam in the village and recruited in the army and when the war ended, many soldiers were removed, their means of livelihood were snatched away and they had to experience various kinds of sufferings, such selfish policy of the government people were very dissatisfied with
3. Economics Factor: - The economic consequences of war are very terrible. After the First World War, the price of things increased, which broke the back of the public. From this, the government started collecting tax from the public and started collecting huge money from the public, this worsened the economic condition of the people and they started protesting, strike, etc. Apart from this, the oppressive policy of the British government, non-cooperation due to Khilafat Act and Jallianwala Bagh incident. The movement started, this movement had the following results.
1. The movement inculcated nationalism in the hearts of the people. It is worth mentioning here that till now the Congress had not got the contact of the general public collectively. Some movement organized the people from one corner of the country to the other under the Congress flag.
2. This movement infused love and reverence for indigenous goods among the people, people started wearing indigenous clothes and boycotted foreign goods.
3. According to Mr. Subhash Chandra Bose, the year 1921, no doubt, of a formed party head, Mahatma Gandhi converted it into an active organization of the Congress. Now it was no longer an organization of only a few educated people, but its message was carried from the lower to the lower.
4. This movement led to the emergence of power and self-confidence in the public. Due to which he could stand before the government even though he could stand in the words of the coupland, which Tilak could not do, was shown by Gandhiji. He made the national movement a revolutionary movement. He taught the lesson of freedom to the people, not by putting legal pressure on the government, not through debate and agreement, but through power and that power was also non-violence.
In this way, he made the national movement not only revolutionary but also popular. According to Subhash Chandra Bose, Mahatma ji not only made this Congress a new legislation but also converted it into a revolutionary organization. Like slogans started being raised and same policy and same ideology started happening!
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