The term unemployment refers to a situation when a person who is actively searching for employment is unable to find work. Unemployment is considered to be a key measure of the health of the economy. The most frequent measure of unemployment is the unemployment rate, which is the number of unemployed people divided by the number of people in the labor force. Many governments offer unemployment insurance to certain unemployed individuals who meet eligibility requirements.
The problem of unemployment is a terrible problem in India. Here about 44 lakh people stand in the line of unemployed every year. There are crores of illiterate and educated unemployed in India today. The first and foremost reason for unemployment is the continuous increase in population. The population in India is growing at the rate of 25% per annum. For which 50 lakh people need to be given employment every year, whereas only 5-6 lakh people get employment. Our education system is faulty for unemployment.
There is a lack of vocational education here. Due to lack of practical or technical education, the student remains unemployed after completing his education. Apart from this, unemployment is also increasing due to the closure of small and cottage industries. Due to lack of raw materials and non-consumption of finished goods in the market, workers are leaving small and cottage industries. Thus the problem of unemployment is increasing.
Mechanization or mechanization has also taken away employment from the hands of innumerable people and made them unemployed, because one machine can handle the work of many workers. As a result, a large number of people are becoming unemployed.
The solution to this unemployment is also possible. The best way to reduce unemployment is to stop population growth. Unemployment can also be stopped by stopping the increase in population. Apart from this, education should be made job oriented so that the student can get employment after getting educated. The development of small and cottage industries is also essential to reduce unemployment.
These industries should be encouraged by the government by giving money, raw materials, technical assistance and by making consumption of their finished goods, this will also reduce unemployment. Apart from this, employment can also be increased by developing industries like poultry farming, milking business, horticulture etc.
To reduce unemployment, the government should emphasize on works like road construction, plantation etc. so that uneducated unemployed can get employment. In short we can say that permanent solution of unemployment is possible by reducing the birth rate, commercializing education and encouraging small scale industries.
Employment is the basic need of the person. God has given us brain, hands, feet, many powers of mind, heart and emotion so that they can be fully utilized and man can attain self-realization. Maybe it is the goal of our life, but if we do not have any work to do, if we do not have any opportunity to use the above mentioned powers, then many problems arise. First, we cannot fulfill our physical and mental needs, secondly, in the absence of work, we will have to do mischief. Third, in the absence of suitable employment opportunities, we will not be able to do our moral and spiritual development. Thus in a society in which the problem of employment is complex, there will be despair, crime and underdeveloped personality.
India is going through almost a similar situation. Here the problem of unemployment has become more complicated. There are crores of people registered in our employment offices who have to be given work. Apart from these, there are such persons, and their number is also in lakhs, who are unable to get themselves registered in employment offices.
There are many reasons for the problem of unemployment in India.
The first reason is the rapidly increasing population, the government is unable to create jobs in the proportion in which the population grows.
Second, our corrupt education system has also complicated the problem, while lakhs of people are looking for employment, while there are many industries, establishments and institutions where there is a shortage of suitable workers.
We have not been able to start employable education nor have we been able to harmonize education with industry.
Another reason for unemployment is inadequate industrialization and slow progress of cottage industries. Due to the vested interests of big industrialists, cottage industries do not get encouragement. The love of our unemployed youth for white collar jobs is also another reason for unemployment. Our youth will spend their energy and resources in search of regular job but will not start their own business.
Even an agriculture graduate will not work in the fields but will wait for suitable position in agricultural institutes or government job.
In fact, it is not the fault of our youth either. They do not have enough resources and capital to invest in their business. They are also untrained and do not have access to training and mentoring facilities. Due to these difficulties their ability to take risk weakens and becomes independent.
His desire to start a business gets frustrated. There is also a reason that young people have a tendency to leave their ancestral business. In the olden days, the son used to adopt his father's business, so the question of unemployment did not arise for him. Another reason for unemployment in our country is poor planning, our employers have failed to pay proper attention to the planning of manpower.
They have been putting all their attention towards the planning of resources. This is the reason that there is a huge difference between the capital generated in a large amount as a result of planning and the total happiness generated from it. No matter how prosperous the country may be in terms of total national output, the happiness of citizens cannot be ensured if suitable and right employment opportunities are not provided, but the government alone cannot be blamed for the problem of unemployment. There are many people in India who do not understand the prestige of work and keep waiting for such jobs in which work is less and the yield is more. Their lethargy and unwillingness to engage in hard work keeps them unemployed.
The problem of unemployment has to be solved at the earliest. The biggest requirement is the planning of manpower. We have to provide employable and vocational education to our youth and young women. There is a need for accelerated industrialization and proper incentives for cottage industries. With the establishment of a large number of small scale and cottage industries in every village, town and city, innumerable employment opportunities will open up. The spirit of taking risks has to be inculcated in our youth and they will have to be guided to start the business.
Capital will have to be made available to them for investment on easy terms. Lastly, we have to curb population growth. It is a matter of satisfaction that our employers are working in this direction. Many employment schemes have been run, the main ones being TRYSEM (Training of Rural Youth for Self Employment) and N. RE. P. (National Rural Employment Programme). rl. E. G. P (Rural Lands Employment Guarantee Programme), Special Component Plan, Jawahar Rozgar Yojana and Nehru Rozgar Yojana etc. Jawahar Rozgar Yojana has now been converted into Gram Samridhi Yojana.
Other schemes for rural unemployment are Annapurna Yojana and Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana, after renaming Nehru Employment Scheme for urban people, it has come to be called 'Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana'. National Rural Employment Scheme has been started from the year 2006, whose objective is to provide 10 days employment in a year to the poor unemployed of the villages.
The government has introduced courses related to self-run enterprises in some institutions so that dynamic youth can be encouraged to set up their own enterprises. Some state governments have introduced courts of vocational education in the curriculum of high school and secondary education and have raised funds to establish various trades in selected institutions. The plan is to expand the program and start vocational education courses in all the institutions.
A large number of Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) are being opened. This arrangement has yielded very good results in the past. New employment opportunities are being created through the economic liberalization program.
You must be logged in to post a comment.