The transmission of images obsessed inventors as early as 1875 when George Carey of Boston proposed his cumbersome system. Only five years later, the principle of scanning a picture, line by line and frame by frame – still used in modern television sets – was proposed simultaneously in the USA by W.E. Sawyer and in France by Maurice Leblanc. The first complete television system – using the newly discovered properties of selenium – was patented in Germany in 1884, by PAUL NIPKOW. BOEIS ROSING of Russia actually transmitted images in 1907. The idea to incorporated cathode -ray tubes was invented in 1911 by a Scottish engineer, CAMPBELL SWINTON.
Another Scot, John LOGIE BAIRD, beat American inventor CF Jenkins to the mark by giving the first public demonstration of – a dim and badly flickering – television in 1926 in Soho, London. Britain created experimental broadcasting almost immediately thereafter. Irish actress Peggy O’Neil was the first to be interviewed on TV in April 1930. Japanese televised an elementary school baseball match in September 1931. Nazi Germany started its own broadcasting service in 1935 and offered coverage in the 1936 Olympics. By November 1936, The BBC was broadcasting daily from Alexandra Palace in London to all of 100 TV sets in the kingdom.
At the beginning, there were many competing conventions on both sides of the Atlantic. Baird’s technological solutions were trounced by Isaac Schoenberg and his team, set up in 1931 by Electric and Musical Industries (EMI). RCA cultivated its own system, as did the Dutch Philips. Not until 1951 were the standards for public broadcasting set in the USA and in Europe countries.
But the Americans were the ones to grasp the commercial conclusion of television. BULOVA CLOCK paid $9 to WNBT of New York for the starting 20-seconds TV spot, broadcast during a game between the Brooklyn Dodgers and the Philadelphia Phillies in July 1941. Soap operas followed in February 1947 (DuMont TV’s A Woman to Remember) and the first TV news helicopter was launched by KTLA Channel 5 in Los Angeles on 4 July 1958.
The first patent for color television was invented in Germany in 1904. The person's Vladimir Kosma Zworykin, the Russia-born American innovator, came up with a complete color TV system in 1925. Baird himself accepted color TV transmission in 1928. Various researchers at Bell Laboratories perfected color television in the late 1920s. The person Georges Valenso of France patented a series of breakthrough technologies in 1938. But the color TV gets popular only in the 1960s.
An inventor, Dr. A M Low, has discovered a means of transmitting visual images by wire. If all goes well with this invention, we shall soon be able, it seems, to see people at a distance.
--On 29 May the DAILY CHRONICLE reported :-
Dr. Low gave a demonstration for the first time in public, with a new apparatus that he has invented, for seeing, he claims by electricity, by which it is possible for persons using a telephone to see each other at the same time
In 1978, James P. Mitchell described, prototyped and demonstrated what was perhaps the earliest monochromatic flat panel LED targeted at replacing the CRT.
By the mid-1970s, the only stations broadcasting in black-and-white were a few high-numbered UHF stations in small markets and a handful of low-power repeater stations in even smaller markets, such as vacation spots.
DIGITAL TELEVISION TRANSITION started in the late 2000s. All the governments across the world set the deadline for analog shutdown by the 2010s. Initially, the adoption rate was low. But soon, more and more households were converting to digital televisions. The transition was expected to be complete worldwide by the mid to late 2010s.
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