In March 2003 the FBI arrested a 44-year man who's named as Andrew Carlssin.
Newspaper was reported that man was very extraordinarily lucky. In the history of stock market, he had earned like no other. He invested $800 within 2 weeks and returned into $350 million. The FBI suspected that was running a scam. That was an insider trader. When Andrew was questioned, he answered that he was a time traveler. He claimed that he was a traveler from 250 years in the future. And that he knew how the stock would perform, so he invested them. And he got the extraordinary result. The FBI was surprised at this, the FBI was convinced that he was lying. And they took it upon themselves to prove that he was lying.
When they investigated some more, they found that Before December 2002, there was no record of Carlssin. Even more surprising was that on 3rd April 2003, Carlssin had to appear in court for his bail hearing, but he had disappeared, never to be found again. Was he really a time traveler? Is it really possible to travel through time? Or it is fiction for novel and films?
In today article, let's understand the concept of time travelling scientifically. Time travel is a concept that has been explored since the early 1900s. I have no idea, but when we are talking about time travel here. Either it is a joke or none of it is.
In 1895 writer H.G. Wells wrote his groundbreaking novel 'The time machine'. 
It was after that the phrase 'time machine' became popular. Time machine means "A machine that can take you into the future as well as the past with it you, can travel through time. Although this novel was fiction, a science fiction novel, But several philosopher and physicists were inspired by this novel. Not only were serious research papers written on time travel, but many films were also made. If we think about the exact way, time travel takes place can be used to classify into different types. First it uses in science fiction movies. Time travel can be many kinds.
The first is the one-way travel to the future. The traveler leaves home, but the people he or she left behind might age or be dead by the time the traveler returns. In one word it called as you travel to the future and you can not return. Interstellar is an example of this. In this time traveler travelled to the future, but his family members and other people keep on aging, when he meets them again. Some had even died.
The second way is instantaneous time jumping. The traveler travel from one point to another point in spacetime instantaneously using a time machine, some portal or a wormhole etc. In one word, it called as a person can jump from one point in time to another instantly using a time machine. It was shown in the film back to the future. And the girl who leapt time.
The Third way can be when the time traveler stands still, and it is time that is moving around the traveler. This was shown in the film Harry Potter: Prisoners of Azkaban. When Hermione uses the time turner.
The fourth is slow time travel. As shown in the 2004 film primer. In that movie the time traveler gets inside a box, with a very minute he spends in the box, he goes back into the time by a minute. So if he wanted to go back a day, he had to remain in the box for a day.
The fifth one is travelling in the speed of light to travel through time. This was shown in the Superman in
1979.
In its superman flew faster than the speed of light, and travels back in time. The question is, among all these concept of time travel, which way is actually possible today ? In real life, which way is may be possible in future?, and which way is completely unscientific and will never possible. Do not be surprise you might think that all of these are rubbish, science fiction, and can not be possible. That is not true, some of these are actually possible to do. Today in days, broadly speaking, there can be two type of time travel. One is to travel into the future, and the second one is to go back into the past. Let's talk about travelling to the future first. The scientific explanation and theories of travelling to the future, are derived from Albert Einstein's Theory of special relativity. The concept of time dilation, was introduced by Einstein. Before Einstein, it was believed that time is constant. Whether you are on earth, or on Mars or near a black hole. Time was believed to be something that was constant. One of the most famous mathematicians and physicists in the world, Isaac Newton, was the one to say this. In this opinion, regardless of the speed with which you are travelling through space, regardless the position, the flow of time would be constant. Albert Einstein was the first person to refuse this. He said that Newton was wrong. Time is not constant. He claimed that time is like a river. Like water flows in a river, Sometime it slows down, Some time the flow of the river speeds up, similarly, the flow of time, sometime it slows down, and sometimes it picks up the space. Depending upon the speed and gravity. Einstein had said it that time can actually be speed up and slow down, if the speed and gravitational force could be changed. This is known as time dilation. The way that your pupils dilate, similarly, time dilates too when the speed of the object is increases or if an object is subjected to an increased gravitational force.
Basically time dilation done by two-way: The first is with speed
If you are sitting in an object that is going very fast. Like an airplane spacecraft. The faster something goes, the more would time slow down for it. Relative to a person is not going as fast.
If I have to explain it with a practical example, suppose you have two clocks, I keep one with me and put on the ground. And I send the other clock with you on an airplane. The airplane goes around the earth once lands back. If we then compare the two clocks through the clocks showed the same time initially, but now the clock that you took with you on the airplane, the time it shows would be some nanoseconds behind the other. The two clocks wouldn't show the same time. Because one clock was travelling at a higher speed. It's subjected to Kinematic time Dilation. There was an experiment in 1971. Atomic clocks were used. Because time was to be measured precisely. And it was seen that the clock that was in the airplane, the time it showed, was behind that of the other clock. This was known as the Hefele Keating Experiment. This had proved Einstein's theory of time dilation. It does not mean that time is actually slowing down for the clock, that one on the airplane. Rather, it means that time is relative. If we observed the clock on the airplane from the ground, time slows down in our relation. Beacause we're seeing it, time is slowing down. For a person on the airplane, and the clock on the airplane, for its time would continue to move as it did. Theoretically speaking, if we could build a rocket, that travels at the speed of light, and you get in that rocket. You remain in that rocket for 10 year travelling at that speed. And then you return to earth, the time that you see on earth, would be 9000 years later. Simply speaking, if you want to travel in the future, you can already do it now, it was scientifically possible to do so today. The only problem is that there is no aircraft that travels at this speed. You can get to the speed of light. But with improvement in technology, we can build more such aircraft and spaceships that can fly faster. It would slowly become possible.
For now, Gennady Padalka, a Russian astronaut, is credited with the most time travel into the future. It's because he remained in space the longest, 879 days. And he was travelling at the speed of 28,000 km/hr in space. Accordingly, he has travelled 0.02 second into the future. In comparison to the people on earth, he is 0.02 second younger. He is so much younger. If someone gets the opportunity to travel to the past, one thing that everyone would want to do that everyone would wish.
If you are upset because you think we can not get the technology with which we can travel so fast that we can travel through time significantly in the future, do not be upset. Because there's another way of time dilation, as said down by Einstein. By using gravitation force. Similar to time dilation with speed, gravitational force leads to time dilation too. More the gravity, more would be the time dilation. The time dilation that takes place because of gravity to visualize it, Einstein asked us to imagine a fabric of space-time. Imagine a mesh, like shown in this photo, And put balls on it. You can think of these ball as planetary objects. The heavier a ball would be, the more this mesh would get wrapped. The more mass in the ball, in thre planetary object, the more would be its gravitational force. Earth gravtational force is less than Jupiter. The Sun gravitational force is more than Jupiter. Similarly, in the fabric of space time, you get to see a curve, with the gravitational force of an object. The closer you get to an object with a high gravitational force, the more would you feel time slow down. Time would slow down for you. In this mess, you can see, the steeper the drop is, the more time slows down for you. You can have an approximate estimate with this visualization. The basically means that if you want to travel through time in the future, spends some time near Jupiter, or around the sun, or near an object that has even more gravitational force. Like a black hole. If you spend near in the black hole, time would pass you by slowly. This is the same concept shown in the film intersteller if you remember. The main character in it, lands on a planet near a black hole, and each hour he spends there, it's 7 year for the people not on the planet. That was the amount of time dilation in that film because of the black hole. It is a scientifically accurate depiction. It actually happened too. But whether someone can survive being that close to a black hole is known. It's said that black holes are the heaviest object in the universe. It also said that light starts bending around black holes. This was considered to be purely theoretical, but 3 year ago a telescope clicked the first picture of a black hole and proved it. On 10 April 2019 the event Horizon telescope clicked this picture. This photo went viral on the internet. Because this is rendered visual image of a black hole. Anyway, if we get back to time travel, I told you two ways of travelling into the future. The first is to travel at a high speed, and the second is to get very close to a gravitational object with a high gravity, and high mass. Practically speaking, I would like to give you another example of this, the GPS satelites that keep revolving around the earth, at a high speed, they are farther than earth's gravity than compair to us. Thats why we get to see time dilation, in both sense, in the GPS satellites. And the scientists need to keep rectifing the time calculations. On those satelites because of this time dilation. If they don't rectify the clocks on the satelites, then the time on those clock and those on earth will differ. There would be problem with GPS communication. There is a third way of time travelling in the future. Cryosleep. Its has been shown in many films too. There was a recent film passenger, you might remember. people were travelling on a spacecraft, they were frozen. They were cryosleep, in it, for months and years, humans are put into a condition wherethey don't age. They remain sleep. It's science fiction. But in reality, NASA is trying to develop a stasis chamber. In it astronauts would be kept in a state of mild hypothermia, in a cold environment, in it astronaut would be able to sleep continuously for 2 weeks. A hibernation of sorts. The concept behind it is that. When a body is kept cool, the chemical reaction in this body would slow down to quite an extent. This would lead to energy conservation in the body and would slow aging.
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