JOURNEY OF CHANDRAYAAN-3
In order to demonstrate end-to-end capability for safe landing and wandering on the lunar surface, Chandrayaan-3 is a follow-up mission to Chandrayaan-2. It is configured with Landers and Rovers. LVM3 will launch it out of SDSC in India. The lander and rover configuration will be propelled by the propulsion module up to a 100-kilometer lunar orbit. To examine the spectral and colorimetric data of Earth from the lunar orbit, the propulsion module is equipped with the Habitable Planet Earth (SHAPE) payload.
Lander payloads include the Langmuir Probe (LP), Chandra's Surface Thermophysical Experiment (Chaste), the Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity (LSA), and Chandra's Surface Thermophysical Experiment (Chaste), which measures thermal conductivity and temperature. For lunar laser ranging investigations, the space agency NASA has provided a passive laser retroreflector array.
The Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APES) and Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIB) are rover payloads that are used to determine the elemental composition close to the landing site. With the aim of researching and showcasing new technology necessary for interplanetary missions, Chandrayaan-3 is made up of an indigenous lander module (LM), propulsion module (PM), and rover. The Lander will be able to soft land at a chosen location on the moon and release the Rover, which will conduct in-situ chemical analysis of the lunar surface while it is moving. There are scientific payloads on the Lander and the Rover that will conduct lunar surface tests. The main job of PM is to transport the LM from injection into the launch vehicle to the final 100 km circular polar orbit of the moon and then to release the LM from PM. In addition to this, the Propulsion Module features one additional scientific payload that will be functioned after the landing module had been separated. LVM3 M4 is the designated launch vehicle for Chandrayaan-3, and it will deposit the integrated module in an elliptic parking orbit (EPO) of approximately 170 x 36500 kilometers.
The goals of Chandrayaan-3's mission are:
1. To show a safe and soft landing on the surface of the moon
2. To showcase roving lunar rover technology
3. To carry out in-situ scientific research.
Several cutting-edge technologies, including those listed below, are present in Lander to help with mission goals.
1. Altimeters : Altimeters based on RF and laser
2. Velocipedes : Lander Horizontal Velocity and Laser Doppler Velocipede Camera
3. The measurement of inertia Inertial referencing and accelerometer packages based on laser gyros
4. Propulsion Mechanism: Engine Control Electronics, 800 N Liquid Engines, and 58 N 5. Attitude Thrusters
6. NGC: navigation, guidance, and control Design for Powered Descent Trajectory and related software components
7. Identifying and avoiding hazards Hazard Detection and Avoidance for Landers Landing Leg Mechanism for the Camera and Processing Algorithm
Several Lander-specific tests have been designed and successfully executed to showcase the aforementioned advanced technology in real-world settings, including the following:
1. Integrated Cold Test : A performance test for integrated sensors and navigation using a helicopter as the test platform
2. Lander Leg Mechanism Performance Test on a Lunar Simulator Test Bed, mimicking various touch-down situations
3. Integrated Hot Test: For the demonstration of closed loop performance tests with sensors, actuators, and NGC using a tower crane as a test platform.
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