History of internet:
The work on internet was started in The 1960s during the war of Russia and America. Both Russia and America wanted to communicate with their Armed Forces. A network of four computers was developed in the beginning. The project was handed over to DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Project Agency). DARPA started connecting computers at different universities and defense companies.
Many universities and research organization companies also started work on the development of their own networks to share information and Data with other people. A few years later, all networks of universities and research organization companies were connected by DARPA with each other to make the world’s biggest network. This network is now known as internet. In 1989, all old networks were replaced by USENET of the National Science Foundation. The internet facility was not available to common people in those days.
Internet:
Internet is a great collection of computers all over the world that are all connected to one another. It is a global network of computers. These computers are connected through different telecommunications links like:
• Phone lines
• Fiber optics lines
• Satellites and wireless connections
Internet is used to find information stored on the computers called hosts or servers. These computers use a common protocol called TCP/IP for communication. TCP/ IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet protocol. Each computer connected to the internet can act as host. A host computer provides information to the people.
People can find information about books, magazines encyclopedias and other material on the internet. They can get expert opinions on any topic. They can also communicate with world community on different subjects. The internet has made this world a global village.
Advantages of internet:
1. World Wide Web(www.)
World Wide Web, is a collection of millions of websites. A website contains different web pages containing information. World Wide Web organizes this information in such a way that users can easily search and access the required information.
2. Email
Electronic mail is known as email. Email is the exchange of messages and files by using the internet. The message can be in the form of graphics, sounds, video clips or simple text. It is a very fast way of sending messages anywhere in the world in a very short time.
3. Telnet
TELNET is a program that is used to connect to a remote computer on the internet. A computer can act like a terminal, directly linked to the remote computer. It allows a user to log on to a remote computer. The user can log on to the computer and use it as if he is connected to the computer directly.
4. File transfer protocol
File transfer protocol is used to transfer files on the internet. Audios, videos, graphics and Data files can be uploaded or downloaded by using this protocol. The process of transferring a file from a remote computer to a local computer is called downloading. The process of transferring a file from a local computer to a remote computer is called uploading.
5. Gopher
Gopher is a menu-based system for exploring the internet and its resources. It provides the facilities of search and file retrieval on the internet. It organizes resources in such a way that finding information becomes easier on the internet
6. Chat groups
Chatting is a process of exchanging views on the internet by typing text messages. Many users join chat groups for exchanging views. A Chat group is a group of users with similar internet. The users can interact with one another in real-time. It means that they are online at the similar time.
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