* Biography of Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar:-The original name of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was Bhimrao. His father, Shri Ramji Vlad Malo JI Sak pal, was a military officer in the rank of Major Subedar in Mhow itself. He and his wife Bhima bai spent the last years of their service in a barracks existing at the site of the birthplace memorial in Kali Paltan. In 1891, on 14th April, when Ramji Subedar was on his duty, Bhimrao was born here at 12 o'clock. The early period of the child was disciplined in the lap of Kabir Panthi's father and pious mother.
* Education of Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar:-The primary education of the child Bhimrao took place in Dapoli and Satara. She passed her matriculation examination in 1907 from Elphinstone School in Bombay. On this occasion, a felicitation ceremony was organized, and as a gift, his teacher Shri Krishna Ji Arjun Kel u skar presented him with a self-written book, 'Buddha Charitra.' Bhimrao graduated from the University of Mumbai in 1912 after receiving a fellowship from the Baroda King Sayaji Rao Gae k wad. Being forbidden to study Sanskrit, he passed with Persian.BA After M.A. After getting a fellowship with Baroda Naresh Sayaji Gaikwad again, he joined Columbia University of America to study. In the year 1915, he passed the postgraduate degree examination.
For this, he wrote his thesis, 'Commerce of Ancient India.' After that, in 1916, from Columbia University, America, he did his Ph.D. Received his Ph.D. The topic of the research was 'Decent trail zation of provincial finance in British India.'He returned to India at the end of the fellowship, so he was returning via Britain. He did his M.Sc at the London School of Economics and Political Science there. And registered himself for the degree of Bar-at-Law in D.Sc. and Law Institute and returned to India. First of all, according to the condition of the scholarship, he accepted the responsibility of military officer and financial advisor in the court of the king of Baroda. Then, after some time, he came back to Mumbai due to the serious problem of no one in the whole city being ready to hire him.
* Dalit representation:-There he lived with his wife Ramabai by doing part-time teaching and advocacy to complete his incomplete studies by staying in Dabak Chaal and Labor Colony in Parel. In 1919, Dr. Ambedkar gave evidence in favor of Dalit representation in politics before the South borough Commission for Political Reforms.
* Work is taken to make uneducated and poor people aware.
He edited the Mook Nayak and Bahishkrit India weekly magazines to make the silent and uneducated and poor people aware and complete his incomplete studies; he went to London and Germany to do M.Sc. D.Sc., and Barrister. Received degrees. The research subjects of his M.Sc. were Analytical Study of Receivable Decent trail zation of Imperial Finance and the subject of his D.Sc. The degree was the problem of the rupee, its origin and remedy, and the history of Indian circulation and banking.
* Contribution:-Bharat Ratna Dr. B. R. In 65 years of his life, Ambedkar contributed to nation-building by doing countless works in various fields like social, economic, political, educational, religious, historical, cultural, literary, industrial, constitutional, etc. The main ones are as follows.
* Social and Religious Contribution:- Manusmriti Dahan (1927), Mahad Satyagraha (the year 1928), Nasik Satyagraha (the year 1930), the roar of Ye vala for human rights like temple entry of Dalits and Dalit tribals, drinking water, eradicating social evils like untouchability, caste, high and low (The year 1935) such movements. To awaken the voiceless, exploited, and uneducated people, during the year 1927 to 1956, he edited five weekly and fortnightly magazines named Mook Nayak, Bahishkrit Bharat, Samta, Janata, and Prabuddha Bharat. Enabling students from weaker sections to study and earn income at the same time through his Depressed Classes Education Society (E site. 1924) through hostels, night schools, libraries, and educational activities.
In 1945, through his People's Education Society, he established Siddharth Mahavidyalaya in Mumbai and Milind Mahavidyalaya in Aurangabad. Intellectual, scientific, prestige, he took the initiation of Buddhism with Indian culture on 14 October 1956 in Nagpur with 5 lakh people and re-established Buddhism in India through his last book, "The Buddha and His Dhamma." paved the way. Jat Pant To dak Mandal (The year 1937) Lahore prepared for the convention of his treatise, his treatise called caste discrimination nirmulan, freeing the Indian society from the myths, superstitions, and superstitions prevalent in the scriptures. Through the Hindu Bill Code, he struggled throughout his life for its implementation by providing divorce, succession in property, etc., to women. * Economical, financial and administrative contribution.
1.The Reserve Bank of India was established in India in 1935 based on the research book The Problem of Rupee – Its Origin and Remedy and History of Indian Banking and Banking, written by Dr. Ambedkar and his evidence before the Hilton Young Commission. 2.Based on his second research work, 'Development of Provincial Finance in British India,' the country established the Finance Commission.
3.In agriculture, through cooperative farming, to increase the yield, to provide continuous electricity and water supply.
4.Industrial development, water harvesting, irrigation, increasing the productivity and income of workers and farmers, collective and cooperative progressive farming, the establishment of a sovereign socialist republic with state ownership, and nationalization of land.
5.In 1945, after examining the multi-purpose suitability of the management of Mahanadi, he developed water policy for the country and multi-purpose economic policies of industrialization such as connecting rivers and streams, Hirakud Dam, Damodar Valley Dam, Son River Valley Project, National Waterways, Central Water and Electricity Authority. Thus, paved the way for making.
6.The proposal of the Central Waterways and Irrigation Commission proposed in 1944 was approved by the Viceroy on 4 April 1945 and proposed to implement large dam techniques in India.
7.He presented the network structure of a strong technical organization for the development of India.
8.He paved the way for water management and development and used natural resources in a meaningful way in the country's service.
* Constitution and nation-building.
He prepared the Indian Constitution based on Equality, Equality, Fraternity, and Humanity with hard work of 02 years, 11 months, and 17 days. He handed it over to the then President Dr. Rajendra Prasad on 26 November 1949 to all the country's citizens for national unity, integrity, and individuality. Overwhelmed Indian culture with Gari ma's way of life. In 1951, he tried to get the Hindu Code of Women's Empowerment Bill passed, and when it was not passed, he resigned as the first law minister of independent India. In 1955, by publishing his treatise on linguistic states, it was proposed to reorganize Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Maharashtra into small and manageable states, which was realized in some regions after 45 years.
The election commission, Planning commission, Finance commission, Uniform civil Hindu code for women and men, State reorganization, Organizing large states into smaller sizes, Directive principles of state policy, Fundamental Rights, Human rights, Comptroller and Auditor General, Election Commissioner And made a strong social, economic, educational and foreign policy that strengthened the political structure. To strengthen democracy, the three organs of the state, judiciary, executive, and legislature, were made independent and separate.
By equal civil rights, the element of one person, one vote, and one value was introduced. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes people in the legislature, executive, and judiciary were ensured by the Constitution. It paved the way for participation in any kind of legislature like Gram Panchayat, Zilla Panchayat, Panchayat Raj, etc., in the future. Along with cooperative and collective farming, he strongly recommended establishing state ownership of land by nationalizing the available land and keeping public primary enterprises such as banking, insurance, etc., under state control and employment of unemployed laborers dependent on small agricultural holdings. In addition, he recommended industrialization to provide more opportunities.
* Education, Social Security, and Labor Welfare.
In the Viceroy's council, in the capacity of Labor Minister, for labor welfare, reducing the working hours of workers from 12 hours to 8 hours, equal work, equal pay, maternity leave, paid leave, Employees State Insurance Scheme, health security, Employees Provident Fund Act 1952 He won 15 out of 17 seats in the 1937 Mumbai Presidency Election by forming the Swatantra Mazdoor Party for the interests of the workers and weaker sections and direct participation in power. Under Employees' State Insurance, health, leave, disability-assistance, compensation for loss due to accidental incident while working, and many other protective facilities are included in labor welfare. He played an important role in passing the daily allowance to the employees, leaving facilities to irregular employees, reviewing the salary category of the employees, provident fund, security amendment bill to the workers working in a coal mine, and mica mining in 1944. In 1946, he laid the foundation of labor welfare policy from residence, water supply, education, entertainment, cooperative management, etc. He started the Indian Labor Conference, which is continuing, in which every year the burning issues of laborers are discussed in the presence of the Prime Minister. And efforts are made to solve it. Forming an advisory committee to implement the Labor Welfare Fund was executed in January 1944. The Indian Statistical Act was passed so that rules related to labor conditions, daily wages, other sources of income, inflation, credit, housing, employment, deposits, and other funds and labor disputes were made possible. On November 8, 1943, he activated the Indian Labor Act, pending since 1926, and proposed the Indian Trade Union Amendment Bill under it and strictly enforced the labor union. Health Insurance Scheme, Provident Fund Act, Factory Amendment Act, Labor Disputes Act, Minimum Wages Act, and Legal Strike Acts were made for the welfare of the workers.
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