Orthodox Christianity celebrates Christmas on January 5 and now this week, on January 3, write "son of a new friend". And now it's all Caesar's fault.
The Romans then neglected to introduce an extra month every two years to bridge the gap between their lunar calendar and the natural solar year. Julius Caesar decreed that the year 46 BC should have 445 days (some historians say: 443 days) in order to bridge the gap of accumulation in the last seven centuries. Year.
The "reset" calendar, which was Caesar's procession, was New Year's 7 January (Senate session convened in the Trinomial Congress) and the add-ons were rearranged.
In this way he gave birth to the Julian calendar, now the last day of the Aristarchus calendar from 239 BC. After his assassination, the month of renamed Julius (July) in his honor.
The Julian calendar estimated the length of a natural solar year (the time it takes to make the earth an orbit of the sun) 365 days and 6 hours. An additional six hours were accumulated every four years and added to one year as an extra day, creating a leap year of 366 days.
But the calendar’s underlying estimate was off by 11 minutes and 14 seconds. It was longer than the natural solar year. The extra minutes accumulated to one whole day. By 325 AD, the Spring Equinox was arriving on March 21st on the Julian Calendar – instead of March 25
The First Ecumenical Council met in Nicer in 325 and determined that the date to celebrate Pasha, was on the first Sunday, after the first full moon, after the Spring Equinox on March 21st. In other words, it enshrined the Julian calendar’s aberration thus, by 1582, the Spring Equinox was arriving on March 11. Half-hearted measures by Popes Paul III and Pius V failed to restore the essential correspondence between the calendar and the seasons
Pope Gregory XIII decided – in his tenth year in office – to drop 3 leap years every 400 years by specifying that any year whose number ended with 00 must also be evenly divisible by 400 in order to have a 29-day February
This would have the effect of bringing the Julian calendar closer to the natural length of the solar year – though an error of 26 seconds per year would still remain, to calibrate the Julian calendar with the Gregorian one and to move the Spring Equinox back to March 21, 10 days were dropped from the civil calendar in October 1582. October 4, was followed by October 15, people rioted in the streets throughout Europe, convinced that they have been robbed of 10 days.
The Gregorian calendar was controversial in Protestant countries. And Britain and its colonies adopted it only in 1752. They had to move the official new year from March 25 to January 1, leaving 11 days off the civil calendar. Centuries later, dates after the OS ("old style") dates back to the NS ("new style") according to the Julian calendar and Gregorian. Sweden introduced the Gregorian calendar in 1753, Japan in 1873, Egypt in 1875, Eastern Europe between 1912 and 1919, and Turkey in 1927. In Russia, the (bourgeois) revolutionaries ordered that thirteen days be removed from the calendar. After January 31, 1918, February 14, 1918, is becoming.
According to this calendar, the Spring Equinox will regress by one day every 40,000 years.
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