The new technological revolution, which has sparked heated debate both in China and abroad, is inextricably linked to the development of the electronics industry and should be given full attention. The new technological revolution, known by various names, implies that by the end of this century and the beginning of the next, a series of new technologies—electronic computers, bioengineering, fiber-optic communications, lasers, marine exploration, and new materials—will be widely used in production and society, greatly stimulating productive forces and bringing significant changes to society, the economy, and social activities. To begin, it is critical to fully comprehend the position and role of electronic technology in the new technological revolution. The widespread application is an important feature of this revolution.
Every major technological revolution has had a significant impact on the production patterns and lifestyles of humanity. People can break free from their reliance on traditional modes of transportation and communication by using IT, which broadens their scope of development and contacts. IT advancements optimize humankind's production patterns by allowing workers, tools, and objects of labor to be integrally combined even when they are spatially separated. Revolutionary changes in labor tools and the use of intelligent equipment in the manufacturing process greatly improve traditional mechanized and automated production, freeing people from heavy manual labor and allowing them to engage in more complex mental work. Rigid production patterns are giving way to flexible ones, and uniform centralized large-scale production is giving way to production on a smaller scale.
People's living standards improve as technology advances. Online shopping, remote medical services, video on demand, videophone, and e-mail all enrich and simplify people's lives, increase the scope of social contacts and information exchanges, and increase free time. Most importantly, breakthroughs in super-large capacity storage, information searching, and other technologies have increased the ability to obtain, transmit, and utilize knowledge to unprecedented levels. E-learning and distance education have transformed traditional learning methods, enriched course content, increased learning efficiency, and promoted lifelong learning; this has accelerated the accumulation of human capital and created a more favorable environment for overall personal development.
Following the current technological revolution, the concept of emerging fields and gaining a common benefit appears to be a promising path to take. Going deeper into nanotechnology, robotics has provided a ray of hope in many fields, particularly medicine. Robotics applications in medicine are divided into two categories: diagnosis and treatment, and extensive research has been conducted on its operation principles and design. Unfortunately, issues have arisen regarding the implementation, methods of actuation, and customized components of robotics. Recent research into swarm robotics and synthetic biology has focused on theoretical results rather than practical implementation. In this chapter, a comprehensive review is approached, beginning with a thorough introduction to nanotechnology, robotics, and medicine applications.
Intensive research is done to collect the most recent applications used in critical surgical fields such as optical surgeries, cell manipulation, and cancer treatment. This research fills the gap between theoretical analysis and manufacturing approach. It also provides a sufficient work in highlighting the future implementation concerns and the upcoming research gaps.
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