Swaminathan Report and MSP:-
Today, farmers of India are on the path of the movement. The country's capital Delhi is not able to contact the nearby states. Supplying chain of the necessary lectures for millions of people is being kidnapped. The farmers want to be trained in recent agriculture, the government, and the government will guarantee that buying agricultural yield at less than minimum support price will be a legal crime.
On the other hand, the Government of India claims that agricultural laws will not be canceled. It is also being said that support prices are announced to the recommendation of the Swaminathan Commission, in which the surface of 50 percent is in the production cost of agriculture. In my opinion, these two things are beyond the truth.
Swaminathan Report: -
Pro. M.s. Swaminathan had submitted five reports on Indian farmers between December 2004 to October 2006. In any of these, the report was given the report to the Government of India in terms of the audit, services, and suicide of the farmers. Pro Swaminathan suggested that a big reason for the miserable situation of the farmers was also that the farmers could not find the jurisdiction of their yield. Before knowing about the recommendations of the Swaminathan Committee about agriculture values, we should know the formation of production costs in agriculture.
Mainly these are:-
(1) Monetary costs (A2),
(2) internal (these family members of the family, the interest of capital, land of land, which is not paid by farming),
(3) Fixed costs (whatever the amount of production they are paid for),
(4) Variable costs (The number of equipment increases as the volume increases.)
This means that the total cost of production is fixed and variable costs. Yoga is taken. On the other hand, logically, total costs include monetary and internal costs. Pro. Swaminathan suggested that the fair price to the farmer should be determined according to internal and external costs and risks. They called it C2 i.e. Comprehensive Cost. In short, C2 = monetary costs + wages of family labor + interest of investment made by the farmer + estimated rent of land.
Determination of support price in India: -
From 1966-67, the Government of India introduced the minimum support price system. Initially, they were applied only to wheat and rice, but now the number of these commodities has been increased to 23 which includes Kharif and Rabi crops. The Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices constituted by the Government of India submits the recommendations of the minimum support prices of these commodities to the Government of India before the Kharif and Rabi crops come to market. It is said that the support prices of various commodities are 50 percent more than their cost of production. But this claim is false. In fact, the current level of support price is of this type. The cost of A2 + family labor, of which A2 is virtually monetary, is assessed by a committee of experts.
Difference between the Swaminathan Commission and Government of India perceptions on the support price: -
Swaminathan Commission while understanding the plight of farmers said that the farmers of India labor with their families on their holdings, suffer the uncertainty of agriculture and in adverse circumstances Even forced to do farming And for this reason, support costs must be assessed in addition to the costs paid by them, the cost of family labor, the interest on self-investment, the estimated cost of the land plus the Comprehensive Cost (C2). The commission also said that setting a minimum support price of 50 percent on C2 as a risk-reward would be justified.
The following points are to be considered from this point of view:-
(1) While the Swaminathan Commission advocates a minimum support price by adding 50 percent to the Comprehensive Cost (C2), the Agricultural Cost and Price Commission of the Government of India estimates the monetary costs of family labor (? ) Adds cost. In other words, in both the concepts the Minimum Support Prices denoted by the Government of India will be lower than the level that the Swaminathan Commission had requested.
(2) On what basis is the wage of family labor (FL) actually added to the monetary cost? The type that is done is not clear. In fact, in the Nahari region, the size of fields is often large and due to the high probability of mechanization, the use of human labor is less. Even if there is a wide difference in the family labor campers over the minimum support price declared by the government, is it fair to take the average at the same level in a crop?
(3) The Swaminathan Commission had requested a 50 percent surplus at the level of Comprehensive Cost (C2), but only the wages of family labor with monetary costs are added to the minimum support prices announced by the Government of India. Nowhere in this assessment is there a clear mention of the inclusion of the concept of comprehensive cost and a 50 percent surplus. A.
I would like to clarify that fair treatment of farmers is not possible at the cost at which the Minimum Support Price is announced. It would be appropriate that we objectively assess the comprehensive cost (C2) paid by the Swaminathan Commission and determine the MSP by adding 508 surpluses thereon.
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