specific heat capacity of solid and liquid aim to determine the specific heat capacity of a given liquid and solid by the method of mixtures specific heat of solid materials required a Bunsen burner wire gauze tripod stand copper calorimeter with lid stirrer and insulating cover a metallic solid cylinder non-flexible thread weighing machine water a 250 ml Beaker laboratory stand two thermometers procedure set the weighing machine and make sure there is no zero error take a clean and dry empty calorimeter of known heat capacity S1 weigh the empty calorimeter with the stirrer and lid using a weighing machine note this as mass M1 of the calorimeter pour an adequate amount of water into the calorimeter to completely submerge the given solid weigh the calorimeter with water and note its mass M2 place the calorimeter in its insulating cover measure the temperature of the water in the calorimeter using a thermometer wait till the reading in the thermometer becomes stable note this as T1 remove the thermometer and keep it aside weigh the given solid using a weighing machine and note down its mass M3 tie one end of a strong non-flexible thread tightly to the middle of the solid take a 250 ml beaker fill half of it with water and place it on the wire gauze kept on a tripod stand take another thermometer and hang it from the laboratory stand suspend the solid in the beaker containing water by tying the free end of the thread to a laboratory stand confirm the solid remains completely submerged in water and at least 0.5 centimeter below the surface this step is important to ensure that the metal attains the same temperature as the water on Heating now boil the water with the solid suspended in it for about 5 to 10 minutes measure the temperature T2 of the water with the other thermometer remove the solid from boiling water by holding the thread tied to it shake to remove any water sticking on its surface and quickly put it in the water in the calorimeter replace the lid immediately be careful to minimize the time sample spends in contact with air stir the water with the stirrer measure the final temperature of the mixture once it becomes constant on attaining equilibrium record this temperature as T3 note that when you place the hot solid in the calorimeter the heat from the solid is transferred to the water as well as the calorimeter depending on their heat capacity both water and the calorimeter will absorb heat until they reach thermal equilibrium stirring continuously ensures the uniform distribution of temperature observation mass of the empty calorimeter with stirrer is equal to M1 gram mass of the calorimeter with water is equal to M2 gram mass of solid is equal to M3 gram initial temperature of the water is equal to T 1 degree Celsius temperature of the solid and boiling water is equal to T2 degree Celsius temperature of the mixture is equal to T3 degree Celsius specific heat capacity of material of calorimeter is equal to S1 specific heat capacity of water is equal to s mass of the water in calorimeter is equal to M2 minus M1 gram change in temperature of water and calorimeter is equal to T3 minus T1 degree Celsius change in temperature of solid is equal to T2 minus T3 degree Celsius the heat lost by solid in cooling from T2 to T3 is equal to heat gained by water in raising its temperature from T1 to T3 plus heat gained by calorimeter in raising its temperature from T1 to T3 in terms of equation M3 s0 T2 minus T3 is equal to M2 minus M1 s t 3 minus T1 plus M1 S1 T3 minus T1 which can be rearranged to obtain the specific heat capacity of the solid s 0. Result the specific heat of the given solid is obtained from the calculation with an experimental error specific heat of liquid materials required a Bunsen burner wire gauze tripod stand copper calorimeter with lid stirrer and insulating cover a metallic solid cylinder non-flexible thread weighing machine liquid a 250 ml beaker laboratory stand two thermometers procedure set the weighing machine and make sure there is no zero error take a clean and dry empty calorimeter of known heat capacity Swags, the calorimeter with the stirrer and lid note this as mass M1 of the calorimeter pour an adequate amount of the given liquid into the calorimeter to completely submerge the solid in it weigh the calorimeter with liquid and note its mass M2 place the calorimeter in its insulating cover measure the temperature of liquid taken in the calorimeter as T1 using a thermometer remove the thermometer and keep it aside weigh the given solid using a weighing machine and note down its mass M3 tie one end of a strong non-flexible thread tightly to the middle of the solid take a 250 ml Beaker fill half of it with water and place it on the wire gauze kept on a tripod stand take another thermometer and hang it from the laboratory stand suspend the solid in the beaker containing Water by tying the free end of the thread to a laboratory stand confirm the solid remains completely submerged in water and at least 0.5 centimeter below the surface this step is important to ensure that the metal attains the same temperature as the water on Heating boil the water in a beaker with a solid suspended in it for about 5 to 10 minutes measure the temperature T2 of the water with the other thermometer remove the solid from boiling water by holding the thread tight to it shake to remove any water sticking on its surface and quickly put it in the liquid in the calorimeter replace the lid immediately be careful to minimize the time sample spends in contact with air stir the liquid with the stirrer measure the final temperature of the mixture once it becomes constant on attaining equilibrium record this temperature as T3 observation mass of the empty calorimeter with stirrer is equal to M1 gram mass of the calorimeter with liquid M2 gram mass of solid is equal to m 3 gram initial temperature of the liquid is equal to T1 degree Celsius temperature of the solid in boiling water is equal to T 2 degree Celsius temperature of the mixture is equal to T3 degree Celsius Foreign heat capacity of material of calorimeter is equal to S1 specific heat capacity of solid is equal to s0 mass of the liquid and calorimeter is equal to M2 minus M1 gram change in temperature of liquid and calorimeter is equal to T3 minus T1 degree Celsius change in temperature of solid is equal to T2 minus T3 degree Celsius from the principle of calorimetric heat given by solid in cooling from T2 to T3 is equal to heat gained by the liquid in raising its temperature from T1 to T3 plus heat gained by calorimeter in raising its temperature from T1 to T3 in terms of equation M3 s0 T2 minus T3 is equal to M2 minus M1 s T3 minus T1 plus M1 S1 T3 minus T1 which can be rearranged to obtain the specific heat capacity of the given liquid s result the specific heat of the given liquid is obtained from the calculation within experimental error
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