Decreasing quantity of petrol, diesel, coal, gas etc. has made us think that we have to find such resources for our tomorrow's energy needs, which will never end and our life can go smoothly without any energy. The crisis continued. We only know the never ending resources of energy as the source of renewable energy.
Sources of renewable energy-
Human is a developing animal. He discovered various sources of energy, which have become an integral part of modern lifestyle. First of all, humans used traditional means of energy – coal, gas, petroleum etc., which are in limited quantities as well as harmful to the environment.
Renewable energy sources are not only capable of eliminating energy woes, they are also environment friendly. There are many sources of renewable energy available in India; For example, solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, biomass and biofuel etc. Their brief introduction is as follows.
(a) Solar Energy – Solar energy has great potential in India; Because in most parts of the country, the sun spreads its rays for 250-300 days in a year. Photovoltaic cell system is used to get energy from the sun. Photovoltaic cell converts the sun's rays into energy. There is a possibility of generating about 5 thousand trillion units of electricity every year in the form of solar energy in our country, for which work needs to be done at a fast pace. Work on solar energy is being done in India for the last 25-30 years.
In order to promote solar energy in the year 2010, the government had started the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission, which aims to free the country from the energy crisis through solar energy by the year 2022. Today, telecom towers of the country are using 5 thousand crore liters of diesel every year, this diesel can be saved by the use of solar energy.
Solar energy is still expensive, so people avoid using it despite knowing its usefulness. Now solar cookers, solar battery powered vehicles and mobile phones are also being used. People are slowly understanding its importance. A campaign to use solar energy is going on in about one thousand villages of Karnataka. In the coming times, solar energy will definitely be helpful in taking India on the path of progress.
(b) Wind Energy – Wind or wind energy is another important source of renewable energy. In ancient times, wind energy was used to propel boats. About 2 thousand years ago, the use of wind energy for irrigation and grain crushing is found. Wind energy is being used to generate electricity in China, Afghanistan, Persia, Denmark, California.
In India, the work of wind power generation is going on in the states of Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka, Rajasthan etc. India has huge potential for wind energy. At present, according to the Ministry of New and Energy of Wind Energy in India, India has the capacity to generate 48,500 MW of electricity by wind, so far only 12,800 MW has been achieved.
Technological advances have been made in the design, site selection, installation, operation and maintenance of power generating windmills (turbines) in the last two decades and the cost of power generation has come down. Wind energy has no adverse effect on the environment; Because the production of waste is negligible in it, there is no problem of radiation. There is every possibility of becoming a powerful medium of wind energy in the coming times.
(c) Water Energy – Water is one of the major sources of renewable energy. In this, by building dams on rivers, electricity is generated from their water by turbines. Hydroelectricity is being produced in India by building dams for a long time. Apart from this, electricity can also be generated from the tidal waves generated in the sea. Is. India's borders are surrounded by seas on three sides; Therefore, renewable energy sources can be used on a large scale.
(d) Geothermal energy – This is the energy obtained from the earth. Geothermal energy originates from hot, molten rocks deep in the Earth. To get energy from this source, a tunnel is dug to the hot region of the earth, through which water is transported there and steam is made by running a turbine to generate electricity.
About 113 signals have been received in India, which is likely to generate about 10 thousand MW of electricity. The cost of generating electricity from geothermal energy is the same as that of electricity generated from hydropower. India will have to mobilize the necessary resources in large quantities to use geothermal energy, then only this energy can be taken advantage of.
(e) Biomass and Biofuels – Agricultural and forestry residues (biomass / biomass) are also being used to obtain energy. About 90 percent of India's population uses organic matter as fuel for cooking. Wood, dung and weeds are the main bio-materials from which biogas is generated. Ethanol is made from sugary substances such as sugarcane, mahua, potato, rice, barley, corn and beet.
It is mixed with petrol and used as fuel. The Government of India wants to mix it up to 10 percent in petrol, for which 266 crore liters of ethanol will be required annually, but the sugar mills making ethanol have just offered to supply 140 crore liters of ethanol to the government.
Apart from this, waste products from agriculture; For example, electricity can also be made from empty corn, crop stalks, husk etc. and solid waste from cities and industries. In India, about 23,700 MW of electricity can be generated from them annually, but at present only 2,500 MW of electricity is being produced from them.
(f) Atomic Energy- Dr. Homi Bhabha of India is considered as the father of development of nuclear energy in India. India has 10 nuclear reactors at five nuclear power stations, which generate two percent of the country's total electricity. Although nuclear energy is not fatal to the environment, but any accident related to it definitely proves fatal to human life.
Its greatest danger is the post-production radioactive waste waste, which is becoming increasingly difficult to eliminate; Therefore, despite being a source of renewable energy, it cannot be used for a long time. Renewable Energy and Our Nation – Renewable energy is the best way to tackle global climate change; Because with this our environment gets clean and a lot of energy is also obtained.
For this reason, competition has started appearing in different countries to increase their respective renewable energy sources. Keeping in view the global trends, India is an active participant in Akshay's competition. It is constantly trying to expand its range of renewable energy sources. India has set a target of increasing renewable energy capacity to 74 GW by 2022, with a target of increasing solar power capacity to 20 GW by 2020 and achieving 15 per cent of total electricity consumption from renewable energy sources.
At present, India's installed renewable energy capacity is about 30 GW and India is a leader in this area. India's renewable energy development plan also includes achieving household energy security. With this scheme, where regional development will take place, employment opportunities will also be generated. Environmental protection will also be done through this and we will also be free from the international pressure of more carbon dioxide emissions under global warming.
The schemes being run by the Government of India in the field of renewable energy; It is expected from them that we will definitely be successful in finding a solution to the problem of our energy-receipt and environment-protection in the near future. We will not only be able to earn foreign exchange by cooperating with other developing countries in this field, but we will also be able to establish ourselves as a strong nation among the world community.
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