Do you know what is plant disease ?
Which types of plant disease you have seen?
Here, I'm going to discuss the plant disease and their causal agents. In the next point there are disease stages and in the last some important example stuff. In general, a plant becomes diseased when it was continuously disturbed by some causal agent that results in an abnormal physiological process, that disrupted the plant’s normal growth, structure and function.
Plant diseases are caused by a pathogenic organism such as fungus, bacterium, cytoplasm, virus, nematode, or parasitic flowering plant. An infectious agent is capable of reproducing within and on its host, spreading from one susceptible host to another.
The study of plant diseases is called plant pathology. Pathology is derived from the two Greek word "pathos"(suffering and disease) and logos (discourse and study).
Stages are involved:
Inoculation: transfer of the pathogen to the infection area in which invasion of the plant occurs
(the infection area may be the unbroken plant surface, a variety of wounds, or natural openings—e.g., stomata, cathodes, lentils).
Incubation: the period of time between the arrival of the pathogen in the infection area and the appearance of symptoms.
Infection: the appearance of disease symptoms, establishment and spread of the pathogen.
Diseases triangle : -
Environment, Carrier, Food.
Some disease examples :
Canker: A dead area on bark or stem, often sunken or raised and the Ex - apple, fruits.
Blight: A rapid discoloration of twigs
Foliage or flowers. Ex - potato, fruits, vegetables
Puccini, a tritium -Red rust. Ex - sugar cane, wheat
Puccini, a gramini s, ustilago, albugo,
phytopthora - Black rust. Ex - wheat, Barley, muster, other cereals.
Smut - teliospore. Ex - pearl millet Ergot – sclerotia, Clavicep purpurea
Conidio spore. Ex - rye (ergot of rye), pearl millet, wheat.
Wilts of cotton – Fusarium oxysporum Wilting of twigs leaves, Ex - cotton.
Necrosis: Dead tissue Whole fruits vegetables are become brownish black, and dead or deserted inside of tissues. Ex - mostly fruits.
Mosaic: Varying pattern of light and dark pattern. Ex - tomato mosaic virus, Apple mosaic virus.
Leaf scorch: Burning along the leaf margin Or into the leaf from the margin. Ex:- chilly, apple, aasopalav
Leaf spot: A spot or lesion on the leaf
Teleutospores, eryphe. Ex - hibiscus.
Distortion: Malformed plant tissue
Screw or tilting of leaves, Mycoplasma. Ex - hibiscus.
Gall: Abnormal localized swelling or enlargement of plant part, Galls are on a leaves And on root also. Ex - rizobium bacteria in root nodules (leguminous). Galls on root.
Gum moss: Exudation of gum or sap by pathogen attack. Ex - acacia species.
This all are the examples which mostly found in our surrounding, and we have daily seen in our kitchen, garden, and in the vegetables or fruits. So, this scientific information will help you to know how plant related material are spoiled in few time and in the next how we preserve or store the things we need. Mostly to preservation we used cold containers, Freezers and liquid nitrogen. I hope you like this information, So please like, share and follow my page.
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