Health Desk- Peptic ulcer is also called gastric ulcer, peptic ulcer, colic, duodenal ulcer, digestive ulcer.
What is a gastric ulcer (peptic ulcer)?
Peptic ulcer is a common disease of the digestive system affecting about 1% of patients. Peptic ulcer is a sore formed in the upper part of the small intestine, the duodenum, the stomach and the lower part of the food pipe. These are called duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and esophageal ulcer respectively.
Pathology- Mucus membrane of healthy stomach is always soaked with gastric juice. Most of the gastric juice consists of independent hydrochloric acid. Digestive juice, enzymes, pepsin are mixed in it. In the normal state, gastric juice acts only on the food that has entered the stomach. But if the amount of hydrochloric acid starts to build up or becomes thick, then it starts acting on the stomach wall along with the food, due to which a small part of the mucous layer gets crumpled somewhere in the stomach wall, as a result of which There a ulcer is formed. Such a wound is called gastric ulcer or gastric ulcer.
Sometimes, in front of the stomach, in the duodenum, there is a wound in its first one and a half inches, which is called duodenal ulcer.
What does peptic ulcer mean?
It is from a wound in either of these two places. It is mainly formed in the upper part of the small intestine, in the stomach or below the food pipe.
What are the causes of gastric ulcer (peptic ulcer)?
1. 10% of such individuals have a tendency to produce hydrochloric acid in excess quantity and fast from birth and later on these individuals suffer from peptic ulcer.
2. Anxiety, excessive smoking, mental problems and stress are helpful in this disease.
3. Eating dry bread with onion or chutney also peels off the level of the stomach, due to which peptic ulcer is formed.
4. Eating more spicy food causes stomach ulcers by causing irritation in the stomach.
5. Some such medicines also cause stomach ulcers. People who smoke cigarettes are also more prone to stomach ulcers.
6. Stomach ulcers are more common in men. On the contrary, housewife ulcers are found more in women than in men.
7. When a direct relationship is established between the stomach and the bowel by surgery, then the place where the stomach and bowel are cut and joined together can cause ulceration.
8. This disease usually occurs in puberty at the age of 25 to 40 years, especially in men.
9 Diet-anaversion, irregular routine, excessive consumption of tea, early in everything - especially at meal time, constipation, deficiency of vitamin C, stroke, abnormality, pyorrhoea, malaise, widespread ascites, smoking empty stomach etc. to play the main role.
10. It also seems to be related to recurrence of disease, prefix, irregular diet and winter season etc.
11. Emphysema, cor pulmonale, rheumatic disease, polycythemia, cirrhosis, cruising syndrome, hyperparathyroidism etc. and salicylates, steroids, tolbutamide, septicemia etc. also seem to be related to this disease.
12. The use of ACTH and corticosteroids for a long time stimulates the stomach, besides pregnancy also promotes peptic ulcer.
13. Some experts say that this disease is found more in people of O blood group. Less than that in B blood group, less than that in A blood group and less than in A- B group.
14. Probably due to deficiency of vitamins A and B.
15. This disease occurs more in those who live in cities than in the countryside, because the people of the city are always disturbed. The excess of subtle juices of the adrenal cortex due to distraction are also the causes of this disease.
16. It has been observed that people of sharp nature who become anxious, angry or distraught in behavior are more prone to stomach ulcers.
Note- Research done in Europe and America has revealed that 80% of ulcer patients have a bacteria called Helicovester pylori in their stomach. This bacteria itself plays the main role in the growth of ulcers. If this bacteria is eliminated in the stomach, then the possibility of ulcer formation is eliminated.
Peptic ulcer disease is a combination of haste, worries and wrong eating habits. In the 19th and 20th centuries, few people used to suffer from this disease, whereas now the number of patients suffering from this disease is continuously increasing. This disease is found equally in women and men.
There are 2 types of peptic ulcers by distinction.
1. Acute peptic ulcer.
2. Chronic peptic ulcer.
1. Causes of acute peptic ulcer - This peptic ulcer is especially toxic and infectious diseases like - uremia, bacteremia etc. It is also caused by taking aspirin and steroids for a long time.
2. Peptic ulcer of chronic nature- There is a possibility of ulcers due to indiscriminate consumption of medicines. There is also a risk of ulcers due to excess acid formation in the stomach. Apart from this, more chili-spices, fried food, mental stress, excessive consumption of alcohol, smoking etc. are some of the reasons which are helpful in increasing the disease of ulcer. This is the reason why doctors in ulcer disease ask to abstain from the consumption of such things.
What are the symptoms of gastric ulcer (peptic ulcer)?
1. This disease starts slowly and remains in the form of chronic indigestion. Due to which there is a problem of envy and burning in the chest.
2. The symptoms of stomach ulcer appear for the first time when a person has consumed rich food in sufficient quantity for several days. The patient initially feels discomfort or heaviness in the stomach between half to two hours after the meal. This discomfort gradually takes the form of pain. This pain occurs in the form of burning. This pain is felt in the upper abdomen on the right or left or in the middle, some distance from the end of the sternum but above the navel and the pain occurs at a regular place. If the patient is asked about the pain, he keeps the finger on the same place.
3. The patient suffers by pressing on the painful area. The pain subsides or subsides on its own after about half an hour.
4. Due to vomiting or giving digestive medicine, the pain gets pacified.
5. There is no pain before the morning routine.
6. There is a feeling of burning or bite in the pain of stomach ulcer. Sometimes this pain is felt towards the back.
7. The main symptom of stomach ulcer is pain and burning in the upper part of the stomach.
8. This pain may be felt at bedtime or at midnight, 2-3 hours after dinner.
9. Dudenal ulcer occurs especially in the night time. Due to which the patient wakes up. Consumption of alcohol and torches increases the pain. But the consumption of alkali reduces the pain.
10. In some patients there is no symptom of pain, but there are symptoms like- some parts of food coming in the mouth, and sometimes there are symptoms of wateryness in the mouth.
11. A special nature of this disease is the reduction in the abundance of symptoms from time to time.
Note- Chronic peptic ulcer is one in number. The pain of gastric ulcer occurs after 1-2 hours whereas the pain of duodenal ulcer is delayed in onset and subsides after eating. The abdominal wall remains in front of the stomach. Hunger is good too. But in gastric ulcer, due to the increase in pain from food, the patient is afraid to eat, due to which he does not eat food and becomes weak. Whereas in duodenal ulcer, the patient is often not weak due to the quenching of pain by food. Sometimes there is vomiting and the stool becomes black due to blood.
What are the main symptoms of ulcers?
* Pain in stomach.
* Feeling of heaviness in the stomach.
* Coming of sour berries.
* Burning sensation up to the top of the chest.
* Indigestion, indigestion.
* Nausea.
When the patient does not pay attention even after feeling the initial symptoms, then the wound keeps on growing inside. Then sometimes there is vomiting of blood from the mouth or the stool becomes black.
This symptom is a sign that the ulcer has either ruptured or blood is leaking from the ulcer. If this happens, you should immediately take the patient to a qualified doctor. Because these symptoms show that immediate operation is needed. The bursting of ulcers is called duodenal perforation.
Sometimes due to ulcers there is a blockage in the intestines, due to which vomiting starts, in which 24 hours old food can also come out. This condition is called gastric outlet obstructive.
What is the general treatment for gastric ulcer?
1. The patient should take complete rest during the entire period of therapy.
2. For mental relaxation, the patient should be assured and psychological therapy should be done.
3. Sleep should be 6 to 8 hours at night.
4. The patient should not worry at all.
5. Smoking, alcohol and acidic substances should not be consumed for life. Otherwise, this disease can become invasive again.
Proper treatment of 6 prefixes should be done. Particular attention should be paid to dental hygiene and pyorrhea.
7. The patient should avoid cold as much as possible.
8. By giving suitable diet in small quantity and use of anti-acid medicines, there is a reduction in the tension and pain of the stomach wall. Along with this, the cramps also reduce.
9. Vitamin C should be consumed throughout the time of therapy. So that the wound heals quickly.
10. In this disease, taking milk, ghee or cream or butter in small quantity is beneficial. Therefore, first of all the patient should drink hot water sips by sips.
11. No solid or heavy things should be consumed.
12. Fried food, raw vegetable, pickle-chutney, crude oil, salad, smoking and coffee, tea, vinegar, soda water, almonds, walnuts, garam spices, sesame, groundnut oil, sour curd, tobacco, containing seeds and peel Do not consume vegetable lentils, hot or cold drinks.
13. Water should also not be drunk more than a glass at a time.
14. Arrangements should be made to keep the patient's stomach always clean.
15. Give fruit juice, sweet milk, coconut water and carrot soup etc.
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