Introduction
Peptic ulcer disease includes gastric and duodenal ulcers, which posed a significant threat to the world's population with high morbidity and mortality. The development of knowledge about the etiopathogenesis of peptic acid disease from acid to infectious diseases has opened this topic for various studies to find the best options for treating this disease.
The discovery of Helicobacter pylori generated significant interest in the role of this microbe. It has been found that the destruction of these organisms is essential to minimize complications of gastric ulcers. Other than H.pylori microbe, some other factors lead to the progression of the disease.
The stomach contains a fine layer of mucus that protects the inner mucous membranes from the hardening of pepsin and hydrochloric acid. This acid characteristic is necessary for digestion. However, when these acids come into direct contact with other tissues in the body, they can also cause damage.
This is the synergy between the acid and the mucosal layer. When this coordination worsens, ulcers develop. If someone is already experiencing physical or emotional stress, it can make stomach ulcers worse.
Ulcers can also be caused by pain relievers, such as the frequent use of certain drugs. Ulcers usually appear on the lining of the stomach and lining of the upper small intestine.
H. pylori bacteria are caused by unclean food
The most common cause of stomach ulcers is H. pylori bacteria. Gastric ulcers are not only caused by food and stomach acid but also by H. pylori bacteria.
These bacteria spread from the direction and dirt. Odor problems occur more in the rainy season than in other seasons. Decreased physical activity and changes in the immune system also contribute to the development of these bacteria. Eating lots of starchy and spicy foods and tea and coffee can also increase stomach acid levels.
Ulcer symptoms include pain, acidity, weight loss, anorexia, gas ,diarrhea, constipation, and vomiting.
Heartburn can also cause breathing problems. Sometimes acid gets into the esophagus due to digestive issues. Someone who has a headache and feels like they have heart disease. It affects the neck, teeth, breathing, etc.
Timely treatment is beneficial.
Heartburn causes anemia, bleeds on aiming, and stomach cancer is at risk if an ulcer is not treated for a long time. There is no blood in the body because of internal bleeding.
There is a hole in the stomach or small intestine wall, which increases the risk of severe intestinal infections. Heartburn can also damage stomach tissue, block the flow of food in the digestive tract, cause vomiting and weight loss.
Nutrition evaluation in peptic ulcer
Its purpose is to identify possible dietary changes and to determine appropriate measures to ensure human health. Several critical indicators such as anthropometry, biochemistry, and clinical assessment are used for nutritional evaluation.
Anthropometric assessment consists of measurements of body weight and height that can be used together to assess nutritional status based on BMI (Body Mass Index). However, this method does not differentiate between fat loss and lean body mass.
In addition, excess hydration or dehydration can hide weight gain, so that in this particular case, there is no precise determination of nutritional status.
What should we do to avoid ulcer
- If you want to avoid stomach ulcers, don't smoke.
- Stay away from tobacco products.
- Don't consume meat, caffeine, and alcohol.
-Avoid spicy, savory, and flavorful holidays
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