World Thalassemia Awareness Day is celebrated on May 8 all over the world, including Akstan. The purpose of this day is to raise public awareness about the prevention of thalassemia disease. Health experts will provide information on thalassemia and its complications.
Initially, thalassemia was considered a regional disease, but now it is present in every region of the world. It is found in southern Europe, from Portugal to Spain, Greece and Central Europe, as well as in parts of Russia.
In Central Asia, it is present in Iran, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and North China, as well as on the southern coast of Africa and South America. Countries such as Italy, Greece and Cyprus have shown through successful national prevention plans that thalassemia major can be controlled.
According to a report, the number of thalassemia patients in Pakistan is up to 1.20 lakh and, of those, 4 to 5 thousand patients are increasing annually. According to health experts, the causes of this disease are cousin marriage and hereditary. Legislation can protect children from deadly diseases such as thalassemia.
Health experts say an easy-to-understand review of the causes, symptoms and treatment of blood disorders or disorders can lead to genetic disorders, which control the production of haemoglobin in the blood.
Thalassemia is a combination of blood diseases caused by the production of irregular hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein found in red microbes that carry oxygen to the body. Thalassemia is also a hereditary anemia. The disease is found in the Middle East, Africa or Asia.
There are many types of thalassemia. It can range from asymptomatic to fatal. If you have very mild thalassemia, it means you have the disease and your red blood cells are smaller than normal. But you are healthy.
Major thalassemia can be fatal. People with Alpha Thalassemia Major die in infancy. Beta thalassemia requires constant blood transfusions. There are other types of thalassemia that are not very severe.
Symptoms of “major thalassemia” begins with the newborn. These symptoms are similar to those of patients with anemia, such as "yellowing of the skin, fatigue, weakness, difficulty breathing" and other symptoms. There may be other symptoms. Abnormal growth, facial bone terrain, dark urine, causes and more.
The disorder in the blood is caused by a defect in a gene that controls the production of hemoglobin. Children inherit this gene from one or both parents. If a child inherits a bad gene from both parents, he or she has major thalassemia. If one of the two takes it from the parents, then he has thalassemia minor. Then this child has a bad gene carrier.
The chromosome distribution chart for a man and a woman has the beta thalassemia gene in one of the two chromosomes. In this example, both parents are carriers of beta thalassemia. They may also be anemic. Their children can inherit one, two or three copies.
If a child inherits a copy of this gene, it becomes a carrier like their parents. If a child inherits two copies, he or she will inherit beta thalassemia. Tell your doctor about any signs and symptoms you have seen in your child. Blood tests can be used to diagnose the disease.
"Thalassemia minor" does not require any treatment, while "thalassemia major" requires a blood transfusion every month. This increases the amount of iron in the blood and increases the risk of liver damage.
Medications are given to treat this damage, which reduces iron deficiency. People with any type of thalassemia need genetic counseling. Prenatal tests can also be done. A baby with malignant haemorrhage may have stones in the leaves.
Growth can be reduced, and if left untreated, heart failure or infection can lead to death. When treatment begins, the biggest complication is more iron in the blood. If your child has symptoms of anemia, contact your child's doctor immediately.
If you have a family history of thalassemia, it is important for you to get your blood tested. There is a need to try like countries like Italy, Greece and Cyprus. Anti-thalassemia jihad must be waged for the protection of future generations. This is the national and moral responsibility of all of us.
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