Introduction of omicron:- omicron is the new stain of Covid-19, they have single standard RNA (SS RNA) genetic material and have higher transmission potency their genetic material is similar to the HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) but it doesn't have reverse transcriptase enzyme. These enzymes are involved in the process of transcription, i.e, single standard RNA convert into double standard DNA single standard RNA is less stable as compared to double standard DNA due to less stability of single standard RNA have high degree of variation/ mutation
Isolation of new variant of Covid-19:- Recently new variant of Covid-19 was isolated from Botswana and South Africa since 24 November 2021, the new variant of Covid-19 called omicron it was designated as a Variant Under Monitoring by World Health Organization (WHO). Covid-19 is family of common cold and their symptoms are similar to common cold, it belongs to the family of Rhinovirus there are several people threads in whole world. World Health Organization said that coronavirus is pandemic in 2019 because their infective rate is so higher. There are mutant variants of Covid-19 such as delta and omicron create pandemic situation in whole world. It causes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-COV-2)
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS):- The first case of coronavirus was isolated at the end of February 2003 in several countries of Asia, but no any case found in 2004. Severe respiratory syndrome is respiratory system disorder mainly infect lungs of body, lungs contain millions of sacs like structure called alveoli which are permeable in nature. Respiratory gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse through the membrane but After the infection of omicron/ Covid-19, these alveolar membrane's loss of their permeability due to this sufficient amount of respiratory gases are not diffuse through these membranes
Symptom of SARS:- Ii is a respiratory system disorder similar to other respiratory disease like influenza. There are following symptoms of SARS
(a) patient suffering from high fever, 100.4F
(b) Headache
(c) Overall feeling of discomfort
(d)Body aches and chills
(e) Sore throat and cough
(f) Difficulty breathing and shortness of breathing
(g) Hypoxia(insufficient oxygen level in blood)
(h) Diarrhea
Mechanism of action of omicron:- it can be transmitted through infected person by droplets, sharing of towels, utensils, computer keyboard, mouse and transfusion of blood. After infection of omicron enter the body and reached in bloodstream, omicron acts on the immune system of the body, immune system contain leukocytes (WBC) provides immunity to the body. Leukocytes contain B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes which provides defense mechanism to fight any types of pathogens, T-lymphocytes perform function by the action of b-lymphocytes, i.e, control the function of T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes produce antibodies like IGA, IGM and IGE, these antibodies provides humoral immunity to the body, but after the infection of omicron, immune system of body suppresses and don't perform function in properly
Diagnosis:- it can be detected by RT- PCR(rapid antigen test-polymerase chain reaction). PCR is the molecular test by using genetic material of omicron/pathogens, amplify the genetic material of specimen by PCR to produce millions of copies
Precaution:- As per World Health Organization guidelines
(a) wear a fit mask health workers and peoples
(b) To maintain social distancing, avoid crowded places and travel only if necessary
(c) keep hands clean, use 70% alcohol containing sanitizer
(d) Sneeze into a bent elbow or tissue papers
(e) Eat healthy food to improve immunity
(f) get vaccinated
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