What is nipha virus how affected

Nipah Virus is a zoonotic virus, meaning it can be transmitted between animals and humans. Here's a detailed explanation:
**What is Nipah Virus?**
- First identified in 1999 in Malaysia and Singapore
- Named after the village "Sungai Nipah" in Malaysia where it was first detected
- Caused by a paramyxovirus, related to Hendra virus
**Transmission:**
- Primary hosts: Fruit bats (flying foxes)
- Secondary hosts: Pigs, horses, dogs, cats, and other animals
- Transmission to humans:
 - Direct contact with infected animals
 - Consuming contaminated food or drinks (e.g., raw date palm sap)
 - Close contact with infected persons
**Symptoms in Humans:**
- Incubation period: 4-14 days
- Initial symptoms:
 - Fever
 - Headache
 - Drowsiness
 - Disorientation
 - Vomiting
 - Respiratory distress
- Severe cases:
 - Encephalitis (brain inflammation)
 - Seizures
 - Coma
 - Death

**Nipah Virus Details:**
1. **Discovery**: First identified in 1999 during an outbreak in Malaysia and Singapore, affecting pig farmers and abattoir workers.
2. **Origin**: Believed to have originated from fruit bats (flying foxes) which carry the virus without showing symptoms.
3. **Types**: Two strains identified - 
 - NiV-Malaysia (less severe)
 - NiV-Bangladesh (more severe and higher mortality rate)
4. **Transmission Modes**:
 - Direct contact with infected animals
 - Consuming contaminated food/drinks (raw date palm sap, fruits bitten by bats)
 - Close contact with infected persons (rare)
 - Hospital-acquired infections
5. **Incubation Period**: Typically 4-14 days, but can range up to 45 days
6. **Symptoms Progression**:
 - Initial flu-like symptoms
 - Encephalitis (brain inflammation) in severe cases
 - Respiratory distress
 - Coma
7. **Mortality Rate**: 40-75% (varies by outbreak and strain)
8. **Treatment**: No specific cure; supportive care and intensive therapy improve survival