Information Technology
Processing and distribution of data through computer, telecommunications and digital electronics is called information Technology. In other words, information Technology is a Technology in which both telecommunication computer technologies work together to provide formation. It is an age of IT. The world has changed into a global village. Easy access to all kinds of data across the world is the fruit of IT. This is the most leading Technology of the present age. The following are the means that are used in IT.
Today’s world is the world of information and telecommunication. Everyday new technology and inventions are being made in the area of information, processing and travelling. Computer is the most important equipment used in IT. A computer is a collection of simple machines whose activities are coordinated by a central Control unit, these machines can read information and store this information for later use. Motherboard, processor, RAM, monitor, keyboard, mouse, CD-ROM, and floppy disk drive are the main components of a computer.
The world has become a small place today. Any information can be exchanged by people in few seconds and that, too, in proper and effective way without any loss of data while it is being processed. On the one hand, all these different ways of telecommunication and information exchange have highlighted the necessity for multipurpose development and growth of information Technology and on the other, the easy access and use of it has boosted the network of information exchange. All this has been possible through information Technology like telephone, fax, telex, computers, internet, E-mail, photocopier, printer, scanner, cellular phones, pages videophone, digital DSLR, multimedia, etc.
As life has become speedy and quick, the importance of computer has increased. It is being used in every field of life. In industry, it keeps a record of goods, cost and output.
It provides a great deal of help in engineering. It designs buildings of all kinds. It gives information about the best material to be used. In medicine, it assists to perform various tests, diagnosis diseases and prescribes medicine. In space, sea and earth explorations, It has performed wonders. It collects information of various heavenly bodies, their properties and atmospheric conditions. It tells us about the hidden treasures under the earth and in the depths of seas. In the field of education, it has performed wonders. It collects information for us from the most remote parts of the world.
Data processing is the analysis of data by using one or more computer programmers. It is widely used in business, engineering, science and many other fields. Data processing is of two kinds, I, e, database processing and transaction processing. A database is a collection of common records stored in a computer. It can be searched, accessed and modified. Bank account records are the examples of such a data. Transaction processing refers to the sharing of data between computers. In this process, one computer can access the data stored in other computers.
The internet is a global information system. It works through many interconnected computer networks. Each network may link tens, hundreds, or even thousands of computers. These computers share information with one another. The internet has enabled people all overt the world to effectively communicate with one another. They make information available to others and find information provided by others.
Telecommunication means the sending and receiving of messages over distances. It consists of devices and systems that transmit electronic signals across long distance. The common devices of telecommunication are telephone, radio and television. Telecommunication enables people around the world to connect to each other, exchange information, transmit data and communicate effectively.
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