Food
Food contains nutrients—substances essential for the growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues and for the regulation of vital processes
Food contains nutrients—substances essential for the growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues and for the regulation of vital processes. Nutrients provide the energy our bodies need to function.
The energy in food is measured in units called calories. Age,weight, height, and level of activity determine the number of calories a person needs each day. Depending on age, and activity level, the recommended daily caloric intake for a child aged 11 to 14 can range anywhere from 1,600 to 2,600 calories per day, with sedentary girls needing the fewest calories and active boys needing the most. For adults, this can range from 1,800 to about 3,000
Kinds of Nutrients
Scientists divide nutrients into six major groups: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins, and water. Most foods contain all or most nutrient groups, in different amounts.
Carbohydrates provide energy for the body. Nearly all the carbohydrates we eat come from plants. They include starches found in cereal grains and plants like potatoes and yams. Sugars, found in fruits, vegetables, and milk, are also carbohydrates. Sugarcane and sugar beets are grown specifically for their high sugar content.
Many of the starches and sugars we eat have been processed into products, such as flour and corn syrup. These processed carbohydrates are used in cookies, cakes, breads, pastas, and pies.
Fats provide more than twice as much energy as carbohydrates. They also help protect and insulate the body and its internal organs. Common fats include vegetable oils, such as soybean, cottonseed, and corn oil. They are used in cooking and in the processing of many foods. Fats that come from animal products include butter and lard. Eggs, milk, cheese, meats, poultry, and fish also contain high levels of fats.
Sorts of Supplements
Researchers partition supplements into six significant gatherings: carbs, fats, proteins, minerals, nutrients, and water. Most food sources contain all or most supplement gatherings, in various sums.
Sugars give energy to the body. Essentially every one of the carbs we eat come from plants. They incorporate starches found in oat grains and plants like potatoes and sweet potatoes. Sugars, tracked down in organic products, vegetables, and milk, are likewise starches. Sugarcane and sugar beets are developed explicitly for their high sugar content.
A considerable lot of the starches and sugars we eat have been handled into items, like flour and corn syrup. These handled carbs are utilized in treats, cakes, breads, pastas, and pies.
Fats give over two times as much energy as carbs. They additionally help safeguard and protect the body and its inner organs. Normal fats incorporate vegetable oils, like soybean, cottonseed, and corn oil. They are utilized in cooking and in the handling of numerous food varieties. Fats that come from creature items incorporate spread and fat. Eggs, milk, cheddar, meats, poultry, and fish additionally contain elevated degrees of fats.
Proteins are the body's main tissue-manufacturers. They assist with keeping skin, bones, muscles, and blood sound. Proteins likewise assist with controlling substantially processes, including shipping oxygen and supplements into and out of cells; the coagulating of blood; and the development of antibodies, which assist with battling sickness. Creature items, like meat, fish, poultry, eggs, and dairy items, are high in protein. Grains, nuts, and a few beans are likewise protein-rich food sources.
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