WHAT IS CANCER ? WHAT ARE ITS SYMPTOMS AND CAUSES ? IS THERE ANY TREATMENT FOR CANCER ?

Cancer is a disease caused when cells divide uncontrollably and spread into surrounding tissues. Cancer is caused by changes to DNA. Most cancer-causing DNA changes occur in sections of DNA called genes. These changes are also called genetic changes.

CAUSES  

• Smoking and Tobacco.

• Diet and Physical Activity.

• Sun and Other Types of Radiation.

• Viruses and Other Infections

TYPES OF CANCER AND SYMPTOMS    

1. changes

• Lump or firm feeling in your breast or under your arm

• Nipple changes or discharge

• Skin that is itchy, red, scaly, dimpled, or puckered

1.  Bladder changes  

• Trouble urinating

• Pain when urinating

• Blood in the urine

1. Bleeding or bruising, for no known reason

1. Bowel changes 

• Blood in the stools

• Changes in bowel habits

1. Cough or hoarseness that does not go away

1. Eating problems

• Pain after eating (heartburn or indigestion that doesn’t go away)

• Trouble swallowing

• Belly pain

• Nausea and vomiting

• Appetite changes

1. Fatigue that is severe and lasts

1. Fever or night sweats for no known reason

1. Mouth changes

• A white or red patch on the tongue or in your mouth

• Bleeding, pain, or numbness in the lip or mouth

1. Neurological problems

• Headaches

• Seizures

• Vision changes

• Hearing changes

• Drooping of the face

1. Skin changes

• A flesh-colored lump that bleeds or turns scaly

• A new mole or a change in an existing mole

• A sore that does not heal

• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes)

1. Swelling or lumps anywhere such as in the neck, underarm, stomach, and groin

1. Weight gain or weight loss for no known reason 

TREATMENT OF CANCER 

Breast cancer 

Treatment depends on stage 

Its treatment depends on the stage of cancer. It may consist of chemotherapy, radiation, hormone therapy and surgery.  

1. Surgery

   Tissue expansion, Lymph node dissection, Lumpectomy and Mastectomy 

1. Medical procedure

Teletherapy and Radiation therapy 

1. Medications

Estrogen modulator, Chemotherapy, Hormone based chemotherapy and Bone health 

Prostate cancer

Also called: prostatic carcinoma 

Treatment depends on stage 

Some types of prostate cancer grow slowly. In some of these cases, monitoring is recommended. Other types are aggressive and require radiation, surgery, hormone therapy, chemotherapy or other treatments. 

1. Supportive care

Palliative care for changes or improvement 

1. Medical procedure

Particle therapy, Teletherapy, Brachytherapy and Radiation therapy

        c.  Medications

Hormone Associated Therapy, Bone health, Chemotherapy, Hormone and Urinary retention medication

Basal cell cancer 

Also called: BCC, basal cell carcinoma 

Treatment consists of procedures 

Treatments  include prescription creams or surgery to remove the cancer. 

Using any type of tobacco puts you on a collision course with cancer. Smoking has been linked to various types of cancer — including cancer of the lung, mouth, throat, larynx, pancreas, bladder, cervix and kidney. Chewing tobacco has been linked to cancer of the oral cavity and pancreas. Even if you don't use tobacco, exposure to secondhand smoke might increase your risk of lung cancer. 

Avoiding tobacco — or deciding to stop using it — is an important part of cancer prevention. If you need help quitting tobacco, ask your doctor about stop-smoking products and other strategies for quitting. 

Although making healthy selections at the grocery store and at mealtime can't guarantee cancer prevention, it might reduce your risk. Consider these guidelines:

• Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables. Base your diet on fruits, vegetables and other foods from plant sources — such as whole grains and beans. 
• Maintain a healthy weight. Eat lighter and leaner by choosing fewer high-calorie foods, including refined sugars and fat from animal sources. 
• If you choose to drink alcohol, do so only in moderation The risk of various types of cancer — including cancer of the breast, colon, lung, kidney and liver — increases with the amount of alcohol you drink and the length of time you've been drinking regularly. 

  Maintaining a healthy weight might lower the risk of various types of cancer, including cancer of the breast, prostate, lung, colon and kidney. 

  Physical activity counts, too. In addition to helping you control your weight, physical activity on its own might lower the risk of breast cancer and colon cancer. 

 Adults who participate in any amount of physical activity gain some health benefits. But for substantial health benefits, strive to get at least 150 minutes a week of moderate aerobic activity or 75 minutes a week of vigorous aerobic activity. You can also do a combination of moderate and vigorous activity. As a general goal, include at least 30 minutes of physical activity in your daily routine — and if you can do more, even better.