Blood is fluid.
Blood cells are of three types:
(1) red blood cells
(2) white blood cells
(3) fibroids or platelets.
Functions of blood-
1. Taking oxygen from the lungs to various parts of the body, the carbon dioxide gas is brought back to the lungs.
2. To stop the blood secretion from the body when an injury occurs due to the tendency of the blood to become rapidly clotting.
3. Maintaining the balance of salts and alkalis in the body.
4. Protecting the body from bacterial bacteria by destroying them. White blood cells feed on such bacteria.
In the human body, 78 to 97 cubic centimeters of blood per kilogram of blood remains.
Red Blood Cells -
Red blood cells are red. Their color is red due to hemoglobin. Adult males have about 50 lakhs per millimeter of blood, and females have 45 million red blood cells per cubic millimeter. Their deficiency causes anemia (see anemia) and blood leukemia. It has a circular circumference of 7.2 mu diameter and is affixed on either side like money or rupee. They do not have a nucleus.
Development of red blood cells-
According to modern opinion, the formation of red blood cells takes place outside the blood circulation system. The first cell formed is called Haemoctoblast. Back, this cell turns into a red blood cell. Red blood cells in the fetus form in the blood circulation zone. The first one has a nucleus in its center, which merges backward. From the midlife of infants to one month before birth, red blood cells form in the liver and spleen.
Red blood cells are formed in the bone marrow after childbirth.
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) have a lifespan of 120 days, followed by a ye mar date in the spleen.
White blood cells -
They are utterly different from red blood cells. They are larger than red blood cells. Some white blood cells have granules.
There are two types of agranulocytes cells:
(1) lymphocyte cells
(2) monocyte cells.
Lymphatic cells are of two types, small and large.
Monocytes account for 5 to 10 percent of total white blood cells. They do not contain hemoglobin, but they have nuclei. White blood cells have the power to feed bacteria. Their number ranges from 6,000 to 8,000 per cubic millimeter. Their number increases when infectious diseases occur, but they decrease when chronic fever or tuberculosis. There are two types of white blood cells, one does not have corpuscles, and the other contains corpuscles. The first type is called agranulocytes, and the second type is called granulocytes.
White blood cells perform the following functions:
(1) visitors feed on bacteria,
(2) they form,
(3) they inhibit blood clotting in the blood vessels by producing heparin,
(4) these plasma proteins And some cells also make proteins
(5) act as an anti-histamine and helps in protecting the body from allergies.
Platelets-
These range from 2.5 lakh to 5 lakh per cubic millimeter of blood. Their size is 2.5 mu. Their life is four days.
Their functions are as follows:
(1). When the coronary rupture due to any reason, they collect at the broken place and stabilize the cells.
(2). They help in the freezing of blood. Plasma- Plasma in the blood is 52-55 percent.
It contains the following substances:
water about 90 percent, protein (fibrinogen, globulin, and albumin) 9 percent, salts 0.9 percent, and the remaining sugars, urea acid, creatinine, colostral, creatine, etc. In addition to sodium, salts of potassium and magnesium also contain only lashes.
Blood clotting, or freezing -
is a blood fluid, but when it comes out of the body, it freezes in a few minutes, called a clot. Several methods can determine clot formation time.
The freezing of blood requires:-
(1) prothrombin,
(2) calcium atoms,
(3) fibrinogen
(4)thromboplastin.
The first three substances remain in the blood, and the fourth emanates from the breakdown of platelets. In addition to this, there is also antithrombin and heparin. By freezing the heat and taking out calcium, and diluting the blood by adding water, the blood stops freezing. The addition of magnesium and sodium sulfate, heparin, sponge, and dimerize are blood clotting inhibitors. The early freezing of blood is assisted by heat, thrombin, adrenaline, calcium chloride, and vitamin K (k).
Hemoglobin -
Hemoglobin is present in red blood cells, causing blood to appear red. Hemoglobin is made up of globulin and heme, or hematin. Globulin is a type of protein. Iron remains inside the hematin. The hemoglobin absorbs oxygen and reaches the whole body through the blood. Hemoglobin content in the blood is 14.5 grams per cent. In many diseases, its quantity is reduced. Haem (Haem) formula is 34 Ha 30 Na 4 Au 4 Lo Au Ha (C34 H30 N4 O4 FOH). It contains iron. It consists of four parole groups, which are similar to chlorophyll. Its reduction and oxidation take place quickly. It is found in small quantities in all animals and plants. Hemoglobin can be obtained crystallistically easily.
The blood is taken out of the adult person's finger or vein for a blood test. To prevent the blood from freezing, add anti-aging substances. Ammonium and potassium oxalate are often used for this.
Taking double oxalates blood, keeping it in a centrifuge, rotate for half an hour. The cellular portion of the blood sits on the floor, and the liquid amount stays on top. This liquid fraction is plasma.
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