Biology
It is essential to know the structure and functions of living beings and other matters related to them. With this knowledge, man has gained information about his health and diseases. Still, man has made many inventions because of this knowledge, due to which new conveniences and industries are created in human society every day.
Biology is the scientific study of living organisms. The word biology is made up of two Greek words. Biology derives from the Ancient Greek words of βίος romanized bíos suggesting 'life' and -λογία; romanized -logía telling 'branch of study' or 'to speak.' Those incorporated make the Greek word βιολογία romanized biología, meaning 'biology.' Despite this, the word βιολογία as an entire didn't exist in Ancient Greek. The first to borrow it was the English and French (Biologie). Historically there was another name for biology in English, lifelore; it is barely used today. Biology deals with all aspects of all living organisms, and Biology is divided into three significant branches rather than large groups of animals.
Main branches of Biology
Zoology
The scientific study of animals is called zoology.
Botany
The scientific study of plants is called Botany.
Microbiology
In microbiology, viruses, bacteria, microscopic algae, fungi, and protozoa-like organisms that can not be seen without a microscope are studied microbiology.
Why do we study Biology?
In the study of biology, we find answers to the following questions.
1) What living organisms are there on earth now, and What is the relationship of these organisms with the extinct organism?
2) How to identify and classify living organisms so that their differences and similarities become clear?
3) What are the physical structure of living organisms, and how do they perform different functions?
4) How the biological characters are transferred from one generation to the next in living organisms?
5) How do living beings live as individuals or groups, and how do they relate to their natural environment?
Branches of Biology
Morphology
The study of the form and structure of living organisms is called morphology. Suppose we study the outer parts of the body of living beings. In that case, it is called external morphology if the internal organs of living beings are examined for more details, internal morphology, or anatomy.
Histology
The study of cells and tissue in living organisms with the help of a microscope is called Histology.
Cell Biology
Cell biology studies the structure and functions of cells and their organelles.
Physiology
In physiology, the functions of the various organs of living organisms are studied.
Taxonomy
Organisms are divided into small and large groups based on similarities and differences in their structure and some other characteristics and this process of grouping is called classification. The branch of biology in which organisms are classified and given scientific names is called taxonomy.
Embryology
Embryology is a study of the changes in an organism from a zygote to an embryo and then to the birth of complete organisms. Put, the study of the gradual changes until the birth of an organism is called embryology or development biology.
Genetics
The transfer of traits from one generation to the next in living organisms is called inheritance, and the study of inherited methods and their principles is called genetics.
Paleontology
After the organisms die, their components and impressions are stored in layered rocks that we call fossils. To study the structure and age of fossils is called paleontology. This study is used to study the origin and evolution of living organisms. The study of plant fossils is called paleobotany, and the study of animal fossils is called palaeozoology.
Biotechnology
Biotechnology is a vast area of biology comprising living systems and organisms to cultivate or make products. For example, sterilizing food and obtaining biogas and insulin with the help of bacteria, etc.
You must be logged in to post a comment.