Communication is the transmission of your feelings, thoughts, messages and information to others. The means used to send messages, news and information from one place to another are called means of communication. For proper communication, it is necessary that the person receiving the message understands the same meaning of the message as that of the sender. Also, according to the importance of the message, delivering it at the right time is also the main purpose of communication.
The main means of communication are postal telegraph, telephone, newspaper, computer, fax, radio, television etc. At present, new inventions are taking place in the means of communication. Who has brought revolutionary changes in our lives. Today we can sit at one place and talk about the world, listen and see. The means of communication can be divided into two categories.
Means of personal communication - post, telegram, telephone, internet, social media etc.
Means of Mass Communication – Radio, Newspaper, Television etc.
Postal service
The post office provides the facility of sending goods and money along with messages to remote places. The modern postal system in India was started in the year 1837. The first postage stamp was issued in Karachi in 1852. The Postal Department was established on 1 October 1854 at the time of Lord Dalhousie. Pincode was started on 15 August 1972, Speed Post service in 1986 and E post service in 2004. India has the largest postal network in the world.
India is divided into 8 different postal regions. Pincodes are six digit numbers. The first digit represents the postal area, the first three digits together indicate the unit under which the post office falls. The last three digits indicate the special delivery post office under the sorting unit. Post office provides facilities like post card, inland letter, envelope etc. for sending messages. Postcards are the cheapest means of sending news to the general public.
Postcards are generally useful if the news is short and not confidential in nature. For writing more news, envelopes are used to send international letters and detailed news on a separate paper. Registered letter facility is available for secure sending of important letters, legal and business documents. The post office has also made available the facility of speed post to deliver the mail quickly.
Commodity dispatch
Light and valuable items may be sent by parcel. These parcels can be sent both registered and unregistered. Its charges are based on the weight of the parcel. The post office also provides the facility of insuring them if there are more valuable items or papers. Magazines, Books Sample Packets, Book Patterns etc. can be sent through Book Post. If the cost of that item is also to be recovered from the parcel recipient at the time of delivery, then it can be sent through VPP.
Remittance
The facility of postal order, money order and insurance letter is provided by the post office for remittance of money.
Wire Services
If the required message is to be delivered quickly in short form, then telegram service is used. The country's first telegraph line was started in 1851 between Calcutta and Diamond Harbour. It used to cost money according to the word. That is why without putting inflection marks in the message, we used to write it in a nutshell. Telegraph service was invented by Samuel Morse in the year 1837.
Wireless
Wireless transmission of information without a wire is called. Wireless work on specific wavelengths. It is mainly used in airplane operation, intelligence department and police department for instant information exchange. Wireless is proving to be an effective communication system in the military.
Telex service
National Telex Service was started in the year 1963. The first Devanagari Telex was started in 1969 in Delhi. Messages through telex are sent directly from the teleprinter machine to the destination. Gets printed on paper made on the recipient's telex.
Teleprinter
At present, the help of teleprinter machine is taken for sending telegrams. This is a modern and new means of sending telegram messages, it is a type of telegraph transmitter device, with the help of which more than 60 words per minute can be sent to many places simultaneously.
Through telephone and mobile, a person sitting in a room can talk to a person sitting in any corner of the world. Facility of STD for talking in one state and ISD for talking abroad is available from talking in one state. Telephone consists of receiver, microphone, transmitter etc. Microphone converts our voice into electrical waves which are sent by transmitter to the destination. The transmitter of the telephone at the destination receives those waves and sends them to the receiver, which again converts them into sound waves. The telephone was invented by Graham Bell in the year 1856.
Fax
It is a small device connected to the telephone line. Which sends a printed and painted message written on a form to another place in a few moments with the help of telephone line. The fax machine located at the sent place prints and depicts it in the same form.
Mobile phone
The invention of mobile phone has revolutionized the field of information. Now we can listen to our talk by contacting other person through mobile phone from anywhere at any time and place while traveling. Being very small in size, it can be easily carried in the pocket. This phone works on wireless wire and radio technology.
To use the mobile service, we have to obtain a SIM card from the company that provides the mobile phone service. Which can be talked to the phone after putting it at the designated place in the mobile set. Now even written messages, photos, pictures etc. can be sent from one place to another very quickly through mobile phone.
Video conferencing
Through the Internet, many people sitting at different places can discuss together without sitting in front of each other. They can even see each other's pictures. This is called video conferencing.
Internet
The Internet is a comprehensive computer network. The Internet is an important means of distributing the information stored in computers around the world and exchanging information between different computer users located remotely. For this the computer has to be connected to the telephone. For Internet connection in different countries of the world, the Internet Control Organization has appointed some Internet Service Providers in each country. In India, Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited has been appointed for this. The space allotted to the consumer on the Internet server is called website.
E-mail or electronic mail is the process of sending or receiving a message through a computer to a certain address of a person. In short, e-mail is the postal system available on a computer network.
Newspapers and Magazines
Newspapers and magazines people get news, messages, articles, sports news, market prices and weather information. Where there are no radio and television facilities. There the importance of newspapers and magazines increases.
Radio
News through radio can be delivered to all corners of the world in a few seconds. In radio, sound waves are transmitted through electromagnetic waves which easily reach the destination. These electromagnetic waves, after being transmitted to the atmosphere, collide with the ionosphere A and come back. Which is captured by the transmitter of the radio and converts it into sound waves. Any news by radio can be sent to all corners of the world in hundreds.
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