As everyone knows that India is a country of farmers. The farmers are the backbone of this country. Odisha is a state of this country is also known for its farming. The farmers produce different types of crops throughout the year. And the crops need a huge amount of water. The farmers of Odisha undertake different methods of irrigation. Here we will show you about the types of irrigation practiced by the farmers of Odisha.
Generally the farmers of Odisha practiced these types of irrigation methods stated below and these are,
-Surface Irrigation
-Canal Irrigation
-Sprinkler Irrigation
-Manual Irrigation
-Lift Irrigation
Surface Irrigation
It is one of the most commonly used irrigation method in Odisha. The farmers usually distribute the water over the land by gravity. This type of irrigation mainly includes basin, border and furrow irrigation.
Basin irrigation
It is generally practiced where the size of the fields are very small and the level of the field is similar in all directions. This irrigation method is not meant for the crops. These are generally used for irrigating trees and bushes.
Border irrigation
In this type of irrigation, the farmer guides the water to his field from a water flowing resource through parallel ridges. This type of irrigation can be seen all over the state.
Furrow irrigation
This is one of the most common irrigation method practiced by the farmers of Odisha. It is usually made by planned placement of ridges and furrows. This type of irrigation is done when the crops are planted in a single row. It can also be applied when the texture of the soil is fine.
Canal Irrigation
This is one of the traditional method of irrigation in Odisha. A huge number of farmers of the state depends upon the canals to irrigate their fields. Generally the canals are constructed by the government for farmers and, they are used for different purpose like irrigation, fishing etc.
Taking advantage of this, the farmers irrigate their fields by using the waters from the canals. From these canals they get sufficient amount of water to irrigate their fields.
Sprinkler Irrigation
This is also one of the most commonly used method of irrigation in Odisha. Now-a-days, a major portion of farmers of the state are applying this type of irrigation in their fields.
In this type of irrigation, a sprinkler machine is installed at the middle of the field to give sufficient water to each and every plant in the field. As this may be expensive for the farmers, the government is helping the poor farmers by providing subsidies on these products. By this, the government is providing the sprinkler machines at a very low cost to the farmers.
Manual Irrigation
This method of irrigating the field can be seen be all over Odisha. This type of irrigation method needs a huge number of labors. This type of method, is generally practiced by small farmers who have small lands. In this method, the labor has to bring water and give each and every plant manually.
Generally, this type of irrigation is done by small farmers. They include their family members into this kind of works as labors. They do so only to reduce the cost of production.
Lift Irrigation
This method of irrigation can be seen in a major portion of the state. Here the farmer has to dig a bore well near the field and extract water from it. This method of irrigation can be seen where the ground level water is at a very low level. When the field of the farmer is at a higher place, this method of irrigation is followed. In order to irrigate the field the farmer has to get water through bore well or any other source like dams, pond and rivers.
So these are some of the methods of irrigation practiced in the state of Odisha.
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