Introduction
There are certain duties given to Indian citizens in the Indian Constitution, which they have to perform. A new Part 4A has been added after Part 4 of the Constitution by the Constitution 42 Act, 1976. Fundamental duties of citizens have been included in the Constitution for the first time. According to Article 51A, it shall be the duty of every citizen of India to👇
Duties
1- follow the constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the national flag and the national anthem;
2- To cherish and follow the high ideals that inspired our national movements for freedom;
3- Protect and maintain the sovereign unity and integrity of India;
4- Protect the country and serve the nation when called upon
5- that harmony among all people and create a sense of equal domination that is beyond all discrimination based on religion, language, and region; give up such practices those who are against the honor of women;
6- Understand and test the importance of the glorious tradition of this composite culture
7- of the natural environment; To protect, to promote, and to have compassion for the certified, including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife;
8-Develop a scientific outlook, humanism, and the spirit of learning and reform;
9- Protect public property and abstain from violence;
10- Make a continuous effort to move towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activities so that the nation touches the heights of ever-increasing questions and achievement.
After these ten duties, one more duty was added, which is number 11.👇
11- It will be the duty of the parents and guardians of the children of 6 years to 14 years of age to provide them the opportunity of an education.
•Fundamental Duty of the Constitution
Rights and duties are interdependent. The present amendment constitution has been passed to overcome this shortcoming.
Sources of Fundamental Duties
It is to be noted that in no democratic constitution of the world (except Japan), the Fundamental Duty has been explicitly mentioned. Only Fundamental Rights are mentioned in the US Constitution. In Britain, Canada, and Australia, the rights and duties of citizens are regulated by general and judicial decisions. Despite this, the citizens of suitable countries are dutiful and fulfill their responsibility towards society and the country.
•Enforcement of Fundamental Duties
The most important question is that how should citizens be punished for performing fundamental duties? The Amendment Act empowers the Parliament to make laws and make arrangements for punishment for the guilty in violation of fundamental duties. How will it be determined whether a citizen has violated a fundamental duty or not? Fundamental duty should be properly performed by the citizens, for which it will be essential that they have complete knowledge about it. The majority of the people of India are illiterate and do not know the rights and duties enshrined by the constitution. For this, they must be made aware of it. This can happen only when in every sphere of life, be it educational institutions or centers of their work; Appropriate arrangements should be made to educate them about them. For this, the state will have to work in a planned manner.
•Case- Shayan Narayan Chauksi V/S Union of India
Section 3 and Article 51A of the National Honor Act, 1971, in Shyam Narayan Choksi v Union of India, a Public Interest Litigation, the Supreme Court has laid down that whenever the National Anthem is played, it should be opposed. Arrangements have been made to show respect. It is vital energy for the nation.
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