Unemployed person not only suffers but also suffers moral degradation; Which generally plagues the society and keeps on increasing from generation to generation. The use of such disgruntled youth in large numbers is also harmful and terrible for the political stability of the country.
Meaning of unemployment
Unemployment refers to the situation when a person who is able and willing to work is ready to work at the prevailing wage rates and does not get work. Children, old age, sick, disabled and handicapped persons cannot be kept in the category of unemployed. The persons who are not willing to work and are parasitic also do not come under the category of unemployed.
Unemployment: A major problem-
Unemployment is a major problem in India's economic problems. In fact, it is such an evil, due to which not only the productive man-power is destroyed, but the future economic development of the country is also blocked. Workers who could actively contribute to the economic development of the country through their work, they remain unemployed due to lack of work. This situation hinders our economic development.
Unemployment: a curse
Unemployment is a curse for any country or society. This leads to poverty, hunger and mental unrest on the one hand and on the other hand it encourages resentment and indiscipline among the youth. Unemployment exists to a large extent at the root of problems like theft, dacoity, violence, crime and suicide etc.
Unemployment is such a terrible poison, which corrupts the economic, social and political life of the entire country. Therefore, it is very important to find out the reasons and solve them.
Reasons for unemployment
There are many reasons for unemployment in our country. Some of the main reasons are mentioned below-
(a) Increase in population – The main reason for unemployment is – rapid increase in population. There has been an explosion of population in India in the last few decades. According to the 2011 census, the population of our country increases by 1.63% every year. Whereas there is no system of employment in our country for the persons getting idle at this rate.
(b) Faulty education system – Indian education is more theoretical and less practical. It focuses on bookish knowledge only; As a result, the students coming out of the schools and colleges here are able to become office clerks only. They are not able to set up private industries.
(c) Neglect of cottage industries – Due to the anti-cottage industry policy of the British Government, the cottage industries in the country declined; As a result, many artisans became useless. Even after independence, adequate attention was not paid to the development of cottage industries; Therefore, unemployment continued to increase.
(d) Slow process of industrialization – In the last five year plans, commendable steps have been taken for the industrial development of the country, but the industrialization of the country has not been done properly; Therefore, employment could not be created for the unemployed persons.
(e) Backwardness of agriculture – About 72% of the population of India is dependent on agriculture. Due to the very backward condition of agriculture, the problem of agricultural unemployment has become widespread.
(f) Shortage of Skilled and Trained Persons There is a shortage of skilled and trained persons in our country; Therefore, for the successful operation of industries, trained workers have to be called from abroad. Due to this, there is also the problem of becoming worthless of skilled and trained people of the countryApart from these, the irregularity of monsoon, the arrival of large number of refugees, retrenchment of labor due to mechanization, imbalance in demand and supply of labor, lack of economic resources etc. have also increased unemployment. Proper solution of these is absolutely necessary to get the country out of unemployment.
(a) Control over population growth – Excessive increase in population is the root cause of unemployment; Therefore, it is very important to control it. While explaining the importance of family planning to the public, awareness should be created about the small family in it.
(b) Due importance should be given to physical labor by making education business-oriented, making extensive changes in the education system.
(c) Development of cottage industries – Special attention should be paid to the development of cottage industries.
(d) Industrialization – Industrialization should be done on a large scale in the country. For this, small scale industries should be given more incentive than big industries.
(e) Co-operative farming – In order to give employment to more and more people in the field of agriculture, cooperative farming should be encouraged.
(f) Development of ancillary industries – Along with the main industries, ancillary industries should also be developed; For example, with agriculture, animal husbandry and poultry, etc. Rural people can be freed from unemployment by developing ancillary industries.
(g) Various works related to nation-building – To remove unemployment in the country, various works related to nation-building should be expanded; Such as construction of roads, development of rail-transport, bridge-building, dam-building and plantation etc.
(h) Make in India and Start up India Scheme - To remove the problem of unemployment from the country, Make in India and Start up India schemes have been started under the leadership of Honorable Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Under these schemes, the gates of the country have been opened for foreign direct investment for the establishment of industries in the country.
Many foreign companies are taking advantage of this scheme and setting up new industries here, which will provide employment opportunities to the youth of the country in large numbers. To promote indigenous industries, Honrable Prime Minister has started Mudra-loan, under which unemployed youth of the country can get loans ranging from fifty thousand to fifty lakhs from banks for setting up industries.
Many tax exemptions and other concessions have been provided to the industries established under this scheme. This will definitely reduce unemployment in the country.
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