Personality is the process of developing, developing and changing its personality over time. This development occurs naturally throughout his life, but it can also be replaced by deliberate efforts.
When we meet new people, often their personality attracts our attention. According to the American Psychological Association, personality reflects those permanent behaviors, symptoms, emotional paradigms and abilities that shape a person's response to the events of his life.
"There is a mixture of personality behavior and thought patterns that are relatively stable over time, which reflects a person's qualities and attitude," says CBT physician and writer Ludovica Colella of "The Feel Good Journal".
Understanding how personality develops helps us understand who the person is and what his background is, as well as it helps us understand what is hidden behind the qualities and characteristics of our personality.
At a glance
Personality development involves all factors that affect the creation and change of our personality over time. This may include our genetic background and the environment where we are raised. Although personality is quite stable, it may change over time, especially with aging.
,In this article, what you are defined by personality, how personality is formed, what you are interested in changing some aspects of your personality, what you can do is discussed.
What is personality development?
Personality development is the process by which organized ideas and behavior patterns that create a person's specific personality emerge over time. Many factors affect personality, including genetics and environment, our way of raising and social factors.
Although the personality is relatively stable, Kolela states that it is not completely stable. She explains, "New experiences or personal development may change people's attitudes, behavior and thinking."
Perhaps the most important thing is that the constant interaction of all these effects keeps shaping the personality. Personality includes congenital qualities and development of cognitive and practical paradigms that affect our way of thinking and working.
Nature is an important part of personality that is determined by hereditary qualities. Character is one of the aspect of personality that is influenced by experience and social education and develops and changes throughout life.
Personality development has been a major interest for some major thinkers of psychology. Since coming into existence as an independent science of psychology, researchers have presented a variety of views to explain the way of development of personality and reasons.
Principle of personality development
Our personality makes us unique, but how does personality develop? What factors play the most important role in personality building? Can personality change?
To answer these questions, many major thinkers have developed principles describing various stages and stages during personality development. The following principles focus on many aspects of personality building - including aspects associated with cognitive, social and moral development.
Freud's Manoxual Development Phase
In his famous Manoxual development phase theory, Sigmund Freud suggested that personality develops in stages that belong to specific aphrodisiac areas. These are steps:
Step 1: Oral phase (from birth to 1 year)
Step 2: Anal phase (1 to 3 years)
Step 3: Gender phase (3 to 6 years)
Step 4: Dormant period (from the age of 6 to puberty)
Step 5: Genital phase (from puberty to death)
Freud also believed that not being able to meet these stages would cause personality related problems in adulthood.
In addition to being one of the most famous thinkers in the field of personality development, Sigmund Freud is one of the most controversial thinkers. Although he contributed significantly to the field of psychology, some of his disputed and unproven principles, such as his principle of Manoxual development, has been rejected by modern scientists.
Freud's structural model
Freud not only gave the principle about how the personality develops in childhood, but he also explained how the overall personality is structured.
* According to Freud, the basic motivational power of personality and behavior is called libido. This libido energy provides energy to the three components of personality: Id, Ego and Parah.
* Id (ego) is the aspect of personality that is present from birth. It is the most fundamental part of personality and inspires people to fulfill their most basic needs and desires.
* Ego is the aspect of personality that works to control the desires of the ID and forces him to behave in a realistic way.
* Superigo is the last aspect of personality, which develops and includes all ideals, morals and values provided by our parents and culture.
According to Freud, these three elements of personality jointly create complex human practices. Superigo inspires the ego to behave according to these ideals. Subsequently, the ego has to balance the basic requirements of Id, the idealistic standards of superigo and reality.
The concept of Freud's Id, Ego and Parah has gained prominence in the popular culture, despite that it did not get support from many researchers and there is also a lot of doubt.
Although the Freudian theory is less relevant than before today, it can be helpful to know more about these principles to better understand the history of research on personality development.
Ericsson's stages of psychological development
Eric Ericson's eight-step theory of human development is another famous theory of psychology. Although it is based on Freud's stages of Manoxual Development, Ericson focused on how social relations affect personality development.
This principle goes beyond childhood and also looks at the development in the entire lifetime.
Ericsson has eight stages: 7
Step 1: Confidence vs. Disbelief (from birth to 1 year)
Step 2: Autonomy versus shame and doubt (1 to 2 years)
Step 3: Initiative vs. Crime (3 to 5 years)
Step 4: Industry vs. inferiority (6 to 11 years)
Step 5: Identification vs. Role Bhelies (12 to 18 years)
Step 6: Intimacy vs. Alpute (19 to 40 years)
Step 7: Producer capacity vs. stability (41 to 64 years)
Step 8: Honesty versus despair (from 65 years to death)
In each stage, people have to face a crisis in which it is necessary to achieve skill in a task. Those who successfully complete that phase emerge with a sense of mastery and well -being.
However, Ericsson believed that those who are unable to resolve the crisis in a particular phase may have to struggle with those skills throughout their life.
* Piage's cognitive development stages
* The theory of cognitive development of gene piaja is one of the most quoted principles in psychology
* Although many aspects of Piaja's theory have not met the test of time, the central idea is still important: children think differently from adults.
* According to Piage, children undergo a series of four stages, marked by specific changes in their way of thinking. And how children think about themselves, others and about the world around them, it plays an important role in personality development.
Piaja has four stages:
Step 1: Sensory-Matient phase (from birth to 2 years)
Step 2: East-Relations Phase (2 to 7 years)
Step 3: Solid operating phase (7 to 11 years)
Step 4: Formal operating phase (12 years and above)
Stages of moral development of Kohlberg
Lawrence Kohlberg developed a theory of personality development focused on the development of moral ideas. Based on the two-step process proposed by Piaje, Kohlberg expanded the principle and included six different stages:
Step 1: obedience and punishment
Step 2: Individualism and Exchange
Step 3: Developing good mutual relations
Step 4: Maintaining social system
Step 5: Social Contract and Personal Rights
Step 6: Universal Principle
These stages are divided by levels. The first level is the pre-traditional level, including phase one and two, and it lasts from birth to 9 years of age. The second level is the traditional level, which includes stages three and four, and it lasts from the age of 10 to adolescence. The third level is the north-traditional level, including stages five and six, and it moves in adulthood.
Although this theory includes six stages, Kohlberg felt that it is rare for the people to move beyond step four, they emphasized that these moral development phase is not related to the maturity process
The principle of moral development of Kohlberg has been criticized for many different reasons. A major criticism is that it does not adjust different sexes and cultures equally. 10 Nevertheless, this theory is still important in understanding the development of personality.
Why personality theory is important
Although these principles suggest different ages for the number and type of different stages, and progress from one phase to another, all of them have influenced what we know about personality development today.
5 basic personality symptoms
The goal of personality development principles is to explain how each of us develops its unique characteristics and qualities. Although the list of options may be almost endless, most of these personality qualities come in five basic categories:
Openness: sensitivity to the level of creativity and change
Duties: Focus on the level and details of the organization
Extremely: level of sociality and emotional expression
Consent: level of interest and cooperation in others
Neuroticeism: Emotional stability and level of mood
"Big 5" is one of the most recognized models of personality and is also the most widely used model, although some people suggest that this personality is not enough to cover the vast variety of symptoms, which one can develop.
Personality development tips
Theorists like Freud believed that personality is determined in the early stages of life. However, now we believe that personality can change over time.
Research suggests that a person's broad qualities are quite stable, but changes occur, especially with aging.
Globally, people spend a lot of money on personal development, and this market earns more than $ 38 billion annually (and it is expected to grow). If you want to bring positive changes in your personality, these suggestions can help you:
Recognize your current symptoms
Kolela says that self-awareness and self-consciousness are an essential part of personal development. They suggest that you can start by knowing more about your merits, merits and weaknesses.
Consider your behaviors and see how they affect your life and relationships. This self-awareness lays the foundation of personal development.
- Ludovica Kolela, CBT doctor
If you do not identify the personality symptoms you need to work, then your will not understand where to put your efforts. A personality test can assess your current symptoms. Choose one or two such qualities on which you feel that your development as a person will help and focus on them. You can try our fast and free personality test for a good start :
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