Unique inductor topology A conceptual and theoretical analysis based on reasoning

 Normally, inductors are used in electrical, electronic and magnetic circuits as passive elements. Inductance opposes the change in current flowing through the coil by developing a voltage across it. It stores energy in the form of an electromagnetic field. Its applications are transformers, induction heating, motors and generators. As the energy stored in an inductor can be converted into electrical energy, heat energy, mechanical energy and so on, it can be used in energy conversion devices and processes. This same principle of energy conversion is analyzed here in the new inductor topology by injecting current through the core of a cylindrical inductor with the coil wound around it. Usually, the current flowing through the core in the inductive application of the transformer is called eddy currents, and it is treated as an adverse effect in AC transformer application. But, in this analysis, DC is injected into the core, where the DC resistance of the fer rite is of the order of 2 to 3 milliohms. As to investigate the nature of the energy process taking place due to the coupling effect between the DC flowing through the coil and the core.

 Introduction:

   In 1824, Oersted discovered that current passing through a coil created a magnetic field capable of shifting a compass needle. After seven years, Faraday and Henry discovered just the opposite. They noticed that a moving magnetic field would induce a current in an electrical conductor.

   The process of generating electrical current in a conductor by placing the conductor in a changing magnetic field is called electromagnetic induction. It is called induction because the current is said to be induced in the conductor by a magnetic field.

                                                       E=-N(DG/DT).

 E is the induced emf,

 N is the number of turns in the coil, and                

 DG/DT is the rate of change of magnetic flux (measured in unit Gauss).

  Here, the negative sign is a consequence of Lens law (inductor opposes the change, which induces emf).

 Inductance is the electrical property that opposes any change in the magnitude of current in a circuit. The letter L is the symbol used to represent inductance. Devices that are used to provide inductance in the circuit are called inductors. Inductors are also known as chokes, reactors and coils.

                                E=-L(DI/DT).

  So, if a current is produced in an inductor, then the current in the inductor has to increase, this would imply that a negative potential difference develops across the inductor. This would imply that no further current should pass through it, as the current cannot flow from a low potential to a high potential unless there is an EMF device, which can do some positive work on the charges between the points.

  The inductor can be called an emf device, but it does negative work on charges if the current through it is increasing. The working of the inductor can be understood better with the analogy that the inductor plays the same role that inertia plays in mechanics.

  Inductors try and stop the current change and reduce the rate of change of current. Suppose the inductor did win and there was no current, then the current is not changing. The inductor opposes the changing current only when the current is changing.

  Application of DC input to inductor:       

 DC voltage is a constant signal. It does not involve any changes. On application of DC voltage across the coil of the inductor, the core gets saturated. There will be no change in magnetic flux density B concerning change in magnetic field intensity H, and also there will not be any change since DC is a constant signal. Due to this condition, the permeability will start decreasing, and it will be very close to the air medium.                

                                                Fig 2 Proposed Model.

  In the proposed model, DC saturation is avoided that the core is connected to the DC supply by making electrical contacts at both ends of the core. This arrangement provides negative feedback to the direction of each electric and magnetic field created due to each other DC supply applied to the core and the coil. Even though there are two negative feedbacks, a question may arise whether the overall effect will be positive feedback.

  Equivalent circuit representation:

Under the static conditions,                    

  Fig.3 Electric circuit.              Fig 4   Equivalent magnetic circuit.

        V=IR.                     Magneto motive force (no.of.turns *coil current)=flux(G)*reluctance.

  From the book by Henri Dubois,            

                                         H=Q*R/S.

  Q is the induced electricity,

  R is the resistance of the air gap enclosed by the coil(In this case resistance of the core), and

  S is the Area of the winding.

  H ∝ core resistance.

 G(flux) * Reluctance = H * I. 

 Core resistance    ∝   Reluctance can be connected in series.

 Equivalent circuit diagram.

     Fig.5.                      

Equivalent circuit explanation. 

   By referring to the normal transformer equivalent circuit, 

  The magnetic field produced around the core due to current(V-DC) in it increases the resistance to the current flow in the coil due to M-DC.

  MMF produced due to current flow in the coil opposes the current flow in the core due to V-DC. 

Will the inductor does negative work? (Referring. Fig.1):

A1 and A2 are contacted to the fer rite core of an inductor. DC resistance of fer rite core is of the order of milliohms, the ac resistance is quite high to avoid eddy current losses.

  V-DC is applied across the fer rite core with the load connected at its end. M-DC is the DC supply applied across the coil of the inductor.

  #Direction of current by V-DC# from A1 to A2.

  #Direction of magnetic flux lines through M-DC magnetization of inductor from A2 to A1.

  WILL A STRONG MAGNETIC FLUX REVERSES THE DIRECTION OF CURRENT (from A2 to A1) and does the work directly in determining the current direction and CAUSES NEGATIVE RESISTANCE IN THE CORE?SO THE VDC gets amplified at the load resistance side?

  FIG.5.

  Where r is the radius of the path of the charge carrier electron, whose radius is of the order of 10^-10 cm, v is the velocity of the electron due to the electric field, m is the mass of the electron, q is the charge of the electron and B is the magnetic field in the core.

  According to the equation, adjusting electric field (v=mobility*electric field, by adjusting V-DC) and Magnetic field B by varying M-DC, the radius is made equal to radius or less than the radius of the electron, then the electron will be spinning on its axis (when the radius is zero, it's a point, if B tends to infinity, then according to the equation, the radius is zero).                                      

                                                    Table.1:Equivalent table of physical entities.

 According to the table given above from the book by Henri Dubois,                    

Meanwhile, according to the analogy, if the electric current equivalent to magnetic flux in-unit Gauss, due to M-DC is made greater than current due to V-DC i.e., if magneto motive force>emf, the electrons get accelerated in the opposite direction as supposed to what will be with V-DC, resulting in a change of direction of conventional electric current opposing V-DC

 Conclusion and Future Research:

 This analysis can be useful or bring new frontiers in energy research. If the work is done by magnetic field based on certain limitations, then as per Gauss law of magnetism, the investigation could be done to see if there is any possibility of creating a magnetic monopoly. It would be very interesting to know about electromagnetic coupling effects if further research is done in this regard.

 References:

1. Henri Dubois,” The Magnetic circuit in Theory and Practice”.

2. The picture part of  Fig 5 is from my 6-month-old son SAI Vishnu’s book-Electromagnetism for babies by Chris Ferries.