The study was conducted by researchers from the University of Illinois and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Researchers scanned the brains of 100 volunteers between the ages of 65 and 75 to find a link between certain foods and slowing the rate of brain aging.
They identified two distinct patterns of brain aging. Among these, nutrients have been found to slow brain aging. These ingredients are found in the Mediterranean diet. And previous studies show that this type of food is the best for the human body.
"We looked at specific nutritional biomarkers (quantifiable indicators of biological status)," said neuroscientist Aaron Barbe of the University of Illinois. For example, fatty acids, which are known in nutrition to provide various health benefits.
There are many studies on the positive effects of the Mediterranean diet on health. These foods contain beneficial nutrients. The results of the new study are consistent with previous studies.
The researchers did not rely solely on participants' self-reports of dietary intake. Instead, they analyze blood samples to look for nutritional biomarkers. These biomarkers are solid scientific evidence for what older people are eating and drinking.
Antioxidants such as fatty acids in fish and olive oil and vitamin E in spinach and almonds have been identified as beneficial biomarkers. Also, the carotenoids found in carrots and pumpkin reduce inflammation in the body and protect cells.
Another biomarker, choline, has been linked to slower aging. It is found in high concentrations in egg yolks and raw soybeans.
Researchers have monitored brain aging through both brain MRI scans and cognitive assessments. The simultaneous use of the two methods has resulted in a comprehensive picture of brain neuron activity and mental activity.
"We simultaneously monitor brain structure, function and metabolism," Barbe said. This suggests a link between brain properties and cognitive abilities. Nutrition plays an important role in slowing down the aging process of the brain.
Each new study helps provide more insight into how the brain is intimately connected to every part and function of the body.
This research only highlights one part. Research is not sufficient to prove cause and effect. A 2023 study found similar results. That study followed participants for 12 years. The study found a link between the Mediterranean diet and intellectual ability.
Researchers want to begin clinical trials to examine how diet and nutrition can affect the rate at which the brain ages. Nutritious foods can help reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's or dementia.
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