Recruitment is searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for jobs in the organization. According to DALTON E. MC FARLAND, " The term recruitment applies to the process of attracting potential employees to the company. "
Sources of Recruitment
1. Promotion - Higher-level vacant posts are filled by promoting the existing employees. This promotion may be based on both seniority or merit. Promotion avenues motivated the employees to improve their job performance to get promoted to a higher post.
2. Transfer: ordinary transfer refers to a change in employee employment without any change in the status, responsibility, or remuneration. It means shifting the present employees from the existing job to another similar job. The number of people doesn't increase with the transfer, but vacant posts get filled.
3. Employee Referrals - it is one of the most effective recruiting methods as many qualified and well-suited people reach the organization at a meager cost. Most employees know about the requirements of the vacant job and what sort of person the company is looking for. Often the existing employees refer their relatives and friends who meet these requirements. But there is a likelihood as they develop their own informal groups after their appointments.
4. Ex-employees - sometimes those who have left their jobs earlier or retired may be willing to rejoin the company. Either they are willing to come back or recommend someone willing to work for the company. In such cases, the organization accords them a priority because their performance is already known, and the organization gets the service of fully trained, competent, capable and experienced employees.
5. Demotion - under deflationary conditions, promoted employees sometimes may be demoted back to their original posts. Demotion of employees' self-respect lowers the morale of the motivated employees, so demotion should not adhere to as far as possible. Generally, it is adopted where promotion is granted conditional, or the court has disapproved the promotion or any other reason.
6. Previous applicants - under this method, previously applied for jobs are sometimes contacted to join the enterprise. It is a quick and inexpensive method to fill up an unexpected vacancy. Basically, it is suited to fill up the professional opening.
7. Extension of services - In an emergency, the service of retired employees may be extended for One or two years. It is called an extension of service. It is an extensive way to keep filling the present post.
8. Employment exchange - underemployed and unemployed persons may get registered in the employment exchange run by State governments. The concerns which need skilled or unskilled persons maybe approach the exchange for recruitment.
9. Advertisements - advertisement in newspapers, journals, trade magazines is the best method for recruiting persons for higher and experienced jobs. Various vacancies are filled by advertisement in local, regional, and national dailies. The prospective candidates evaluate themselves against the requirements mentioned before applying for the jobs.
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