MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
An instrument is a gadget made or adjusted to make melodic sounds. On a fundamental level, any article that produces sound can be viewed as an instrument—it is through reason that the item turns into an instrument. An individual who plays an instrument is known as an instrumentalist. The historical backdrop of instruments dates to the beginnings of human culture.
1) GUITAR
The guitar is a plucked stringed instrument. There are two types of guitar acoustic and electric. Acoustic guitars have hollow bodies and six or twelve strings. Plucking the strings produces vibrations that are amplified by their hollow bodies. Electronic guitars usually have solid bodies and six strings. Pick-ups placed under the strings convert their vibrations into electronic signals magnified by an amplifier and sent to a loudspeaker, where they are converted into sounds. Electronic bass guitars are similar in structure to electronic guitars and produce sounds in the same way but have four strings and play bass notes.

2) KEYBOARD
Keyboard instruments are instruments that are sounded using a keyboard. The organ and piano are two of the principal members of the keyboard family. The organ consists of pipes operated by one or more manuals (keyboard )and a pedalboard. The pipes are lined up in rows, one top of a windchest. The sound of the organ is made when air is admitted into a pipe by pressing a key or pedal. The piano consist of wire strings stretched over a metal frame and a keyboard and pedals that operate hammers and dampers. The piano frame is either vertical -as in the upright piano -or horizontal -as in the ground piano. When a key is at rest, a damper lies against the string to stop it from vibrating. When a key is pressed down, the damper moves away from the string as the hammer strikes it, causing the string to vibrate and sounds a note.

3) DRUMS
A drum is a percussion instrument that consists of a drumhead, made of skin or plastic, stretched over one or both ends of a hollow vessel (the body-shell). Drums are played in most parts of the world and are made in most parts of the world and are made in different shapes and sizes. They can be divided into three groups according to the shape of the body-shell: frame drums (eg.., tambourines), bowl-shaped drums (eg.., timpani), and tubular drums (eg.., congas ). Drums are usually sounded by striking the drumhead with the hands or with beaters, such as a hard-headed stick. The drumhead vibrates, and its vibrations are amplified by the hollow body shell. The snare drum has wires -known as snares -stretched across the lower drum head: the snares vibrate against, the lower drumhead when the drum is played.

4) BRASS INSTRUMENTS
Brass instruments are wind instruments that are made of metal, usually brass. Although they appear in many different shapes and sizes, all brass instruments have a mouthpiece, a length of a hollow tube, and a flared bell. The mouthpiece of brass instruments may be cup-shaped, as in the cornet, or cone-shaped, as in the horn. The tube may be wide or narrow, mainly conical, as in the horn and tuba, or mainly cylindrical, as in the trumpet and trombone. The sound of brass instruments is made by the player's lips vibrating against the mouthpiece so that the air vibrate in the tube. By changing lips tension, the player can vary the vibrations and produce notes of different pitches. The range of notes produced by a brass instrument can be extended utilizing a valve system.

5) WOODWIND INSTRUMENTS
Woodwind instruments are generally made of wood, although some are made of metal or plastic. The sound of a woodwind instrument is produced by the vibration of air in a hollow tube. The air is made to vibrate by blowing across a blowhole - as in the flute and piccolo or by blowing through a single reed as in the clarinet and saxophone or a double reed-as bassoon, cor angle is, and oboe. The pitch of a woodwind instrument can be changed by opening or closing a hole cut into the instrument's tube.

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