Introduction:
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a UN association embodying 195 nations worldwide to access climatic change with the knowledge of science. The first Working group of IPCC comprising 234 scientists of 66 nations has submitted the sixth assessment report on the physical science of climate change. After analyzing, evaluating, and discussing 14000 research papers for 5 years, this report was proposed on August 9th, 2021. This is the most scientifically accurate and updated report on human-induced climate change and its consequences.
Present circumstance :
At present, we are experiencing harsh and unexpected weather events frequently. Utterances such as floods, wildfires, and droughts are no longer new to our knowledge. As per IPCC, the present concentration of CO2 is the highest compared to the last 2 million years. The present rate of sea-level rise is faster in at least 3000 years. The present proportion of Arctic sea ice is the lowest compared to the last 1000 years. The present glaciers retreat is unusual in at least 2000 years. By the delinquency of our past activities, we have made our earth equally unliveable.
State of Global temperature :
Owning to the increased impacts of global warming, the temperature of the earth's surface has risen significantly. During the last decade, the rise in global temperature above the pre-industrial level is about 1.1 °C. At the Paris agreement 2015, 196 nations of UNFCCC agreed on limiting the rise of global temperature by 1.5°C throughout the century. According to IPCC AR6, within 2050, it may reach 1.5 °C. Furthermore, the scientists of IPCC substantiated that the rise in global temperature will reach 2°C by 2100 if the world's nations persist in this trend.
The surge in Sea level:
Based on global-scale assessments of earth climate change by IPCC, the sea level will increase faster, leading to the submergence of coastal cities and Islands by the end of this century. At present, the global sea level is rising at a rate of 3.6 mm/year.
Prospect of India:
India has the threat of submergence in 12 seaside cities entailing Mumbai, Chennai, Cochin, and Vishakapatnam. The next three decades will be the hottest in human history. As in India, most farmers exercise conventional cultivable practices; the unpredictable weather will cause tremendous turmoil.
Alleviation strategies:
As burning fossil fuels is the reason behind global temperature rise, confining the use of these fuels will work wonders. The affiliation of world nations to strictly attain net-zero carbon emission within 2050 can aid us in maintaining our earth's temperature. It is indispensable to promote afforestation.
Conclusion:
With the consequence of increased global temperature, experiencing extreme weather events will be five times more likely. Now, these events are documented at an interval of once in 50 years. But, at a temperature rise of 2°c, its occurrence will be 14 times per 50 years.
All these findings of IPCC AR6 are not at all alarming as we are already aware of it. But it's certainly a wake call for humankind. The only positive outcome of this report is that we still have time to rescue our mother earth. There is no going back to our past consequences. Let's keep aside all our disparities, and let's unite together for a promising future.
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