Top 5 facts about antimatter.

Here are the 5 facts about the anti-matter.

Antimatter is the opposite of normal matter. More specifically, the sub-atomic particles of antimatter have properties opposite those of normal matter. The electrical charge of those particles is reversed. Antimatter was created along with matter after the Big Bang, but antimatter is rare in today's universe, and scientists aren't sure why.

To better understand antimatter, one needs to know more about the matter. The matter comprises atoms, which are the basic units of chemical elements such as hydrogen, helium, or oxygen. 

The physics of an atom is complex, as it is full of mysterious particles with spin properties. From elementary science, however, atoms have particles known as electrons, protons, and neutrons inside them. Each element has a certain number of protons in each atom. For example, Hydrogen has one proton (with 3 known isotopes); helium has two protons; and so on.

1. Antimatter is composed of antiparticles. They have the same mass but opposite charge and magnetic moment(τ=p×B). In the heart of an atom, called the nucleus, are protons (which have a positive electrical charge) and neutrons (which have a neutral charge). Electrons, which generally have a negative charge, orbit around the nucleus, depending on how "excited" the electrons are (meaning how much energy they have). Anti-electrons, called positrons, behave like electrons but have a positive charge. Antiprotons, as the name implies, are protons with a negative charge.  Matter and antimatter cannot coexist for more than a small fraction of seconds.
2. They collide and release a huge amount of energy within a few fractions of a second
3. It is formed through the concepts of relative and quantum mechanics. Paul Dirac successfully combined these two fields and was only able to form an equation

.

4.    Dirac believed that antiparticles are normal particles with negative energy.

***Where is it?

Antimatter particles are created in ultra high-speed collisions. In the first moments after the Big Bang, only energy existed. As the universe cooled and expanded, particles of both matter and antimatter were produced in equal amounts. Why matter came to dominate is a question that scientists have yet to discover. 

1. Feynman, in his theory, says that these particles can TRAVEL BACK IN TIME.

2. Dirac, however, accepted that the equations were telling him that particles are really filling a whole "sea" of these lower energies – a sea that had so far been invisible to physicists as they were only looking "above the surface." He envisioned that all of the "normal" energy levels that exist are accounted for by "normal" particles. However, when a particle jumps up from a lower energy state, it appears normal. Still, it leaves a "hole," which appears to us as a strange, mirror-image particle – antimatter.

1.  

   Despite initial skepticism, examples of these particle-antiparticle pairs were soon found. For example, they are produced when cosmic rays hit the Earth's atmosphere. There is even evidence that the energy in thunderstorms produces anti-electrons, called positrons. These are also produced in some radioactive decays, a process used in many hospitals. In Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanners, which allow precise imaging within human bodies. Nowadays, experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) can produce matter and antimatter, too.