Parthia means to be in labor. The word is derived from the Latin word. Parturition is the process of completion of pregnancy and giving birth to the baby. The definition of parturition is vigorous contraction of the uterus at the end stage of pregnancy to cause explosion or delivery of the fetus. The process of delivery of the fetus is called parturition. The series of events that expels the infant from the uterus is collectively called labor. Where labor includes, uterine and abdominal contractions, Dilation of cervix and passage of baby.
Labor pain is accompanied by localized sensation of discomfort or agony called as labor pain. Throughout the pregnancy process, the uterus undergoes periodic episodes of weak and strong contractions. These contractions are generally called as Bracket Hick's contractions, which lead to false labor. The irregular episodic pain which is given by contractions are the Bracket Hick's contractions. So, if continuous 20 to 22 seconds of pain in abdomen and pelvic region in perfect time maintained episodes are labor pain.
Parturition is a hormonal process which is induced by a complex neuroendocrine mechanism. Signals for parturition originate from the firmly developed fetus and placenta. This mild uterine contractions are called fetal ejection reflex or Ferguson reflex. It is accompanied by rise in estrogen and progesterone, along with increase in oxytocin receptor in uterine muscles. Oxytocin is an important hormone for parturition, which helps in contractions. If there is more oxytocin, then the fetus will eject by uterine contractions. The fetus pushes against the cervix, causing it to stretch. Then, the stretching of the cervix causes nerve impulses to be sent to the brain.
The Brain stimulates the posterior pituitary to release oxytocin. So, the oxytocin causes the smooth muscle lining of the uterus to contract.
The fully developed fetus gives signals for the uterine contractions by secreting hormone (ACTH). These triggers release of oxytocin from the mother's pituitary gland, which acts on uterine muscles of the mother and causes vigorous uterine contractions. Also, this leads to expulsion of the body from the uterus.
The parturition has three stages,
Dilation stage, uterine contractions begin from the top, forcing the baby towards the cervix. Contractions are accompanied by pain caused by compression of blood vessels. Oxytocin induced uterine contractions becomes stronger and stronger due to stimulator reflex. The expulsion stage is the second stage. The uterine and abdominal contractions becomes stronger. In normal delivery, the fetus passes out through the cervix with head in forward direction. It takes 20 to 60 minutes. The umbilical cord is tied and cut off close to the baby's navel. After expulsion, the next stage is after the delivery, the placenta separates from the uterus and is expelled out as after birth due to severe contractions of the uterus. This process happens within 10 to 45 minutes of delivery. The mother goes through a rebirth during all the process. Some research facts say that, A labor pain is equal to 20 fractures at one time. The last stage which ends up the baby to new world.
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