KNOW SOMETHING ABOUT KIDNEY
Let us see some of the topics that we are going to discuss.
~A Vital organ Kidney
~Its Anatomy and Structure
~Uses of Kidney
~Kidney failure
~Causes of Kidney Failure
~stages of kidney failure
~Treatment for damaged kidney
~Hemodialysis
~ Peritoneal Dialysis
A VITAL ORGAN KIDNEY :
Kidney - one of the most important and crucial organ of the human body. Brain, Heart, Lungs, Kidney, Liver, Uterus in females are considered as most important organs of body. Any damage to these organs is a completely life-threatening complication. In this, kidney, is one of the most essential organ of the body. In this article, let us see the functions and failure of Kidney.
ANATOMY AND STRUCTURE OF KIDNEY :
The kidney is placed retroperitoneal on the posterior wall of the abdomen. That is, kidney is placed back side in abdomen and pelvis. We have 2 kidneys. They are bean shaped. Our right kidney is place slightly lower than the left kidney due to the presence of liver. Each kidney weighs about 150g. The structures present in the kidneys are Cortex, Medulla, Renal arteries , Renal Veins, Ureter, Major calyx, Minor calyx, Nephrons.
USES OF KIDNEY:
We all basically think that the main function of kidney is excreting the urine. But there are lots of beneficial uses of kidneys. Let's see the uses.
1. Elimination of metabolic waste products.
2. Elimination of other toxic materials from our body.
3. Formation of urine.
4. Maintenance of water balance.
5. Maintenance of electrolyte balance.
6. Regulating Acid - Base balance.
7. Secretion of renin.
8. Secretion of erythropoietin.
9. Formation of active form of vitamin D.
10. Regulation of blood pH.
11. More salt intake
KIDNEY FAILURE :
Kidney failure is the condition in which the kidney stops functioning normally. Our normal urinary system maintains some fluid and electrolyte balances. If the kidney stops functioning, these fluid and, electrolyte balances will be disturbed and the normal blood composition will be disrupted. Kidney failure is basically considered as a life-threadning disease. Now-a-days, people with Cardiovascular disease are also surviving peacefully. But, if people had kidney disease, they are thinking that their life are going to end. It is not truth. People with kidney disease can also survive normal life, if they follow the correct orders given by the Technicians and Doctors. In many cases, kidney disease is not curable but treatable. Always, prevention is better than cure. But if the disease has occurred, we must only think about the treatment method. Everything has a result. So think about the future plans.
CAUSES OF KIDNEY FAILURE :
The main cause of kidney failure is noted to be Diabetics and High Blood Pressure. If the person have Diabetics, there is 90 % chance of getting Kidney failure. Controlling Sugar and Blood Pressure is very much important. Clinically, other causes include :
~ Drinking less water
~ Trauma or injury
~ Snake bite
~ Hereditary factors
~ Cardiovascular disease
~ Fluid or blood loss
~ Anaphylaxis
~ Liver failure
~ Prolonged use of painkillers
~ Polycystic Kidney disease
~ Usage of drugs that affects the kidney
~ High salt intake
~ Prolonged period of standing
~ Eating salty and packed food items.
Other Physiology Causes are of 3 types. They are :
1. Pre-renal
2. Renal
3. Post-renal
STAGES OF KIDNEY FAILURE :
Kidney failure is of 2 types.
1. AKI - Acute Kidney Injury
2. CKD - Chronic Kidney Disease
Treatment For Kidney Disease :
Kidney disease can be cured and treated. The only thing is we should diagnose the disease early itself. The major mistake the people are doing is not diagnosing the disease when the symptoms are in starting stage. So if diagnosed earlier, it can be treated by the method of dialysis that is,
1. By Hemodialysis
2. By Peritoneal Dialysis
HEMODIALYSIS :
This method is done with the dialysis machine and a artificial kidney called dialyser. The blood from the patient's body is taken and circulated throughout the machine and dialyser. The waste particles from the blood such as urea, creatinine, uric acid, etc, are excreted by the process of dialysis. There are many complications in the dialysis such as hypertension, breathing difficulties, dizziness, nausea, edema,etc,. The process take nearly 4hrs. The principles of Hemodialysis are diffusion, osmosis, ultrafiltration.
PERITONEAL DIALYSIS :
It is done by using the patient's peritonian in the body. A hole is made in the patient body and the tube is fixed in the body. By the tube the fluids are given in and out is taken. The phases of peritoneal dialysis are fill, dwell, drain.
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