The kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict primarily between india and pakistan over the kashmir region. The conflict started after the partition of india in 1947 as a dispute over the former princely state of jammu and kashmir and escalated in to three wars between india and pakistan and several other armed skirmishes. China has also been involved in the conflict in a third party role. Both india and pakistan claimed the entirely of the former princely state of jammu and kashmir. Although pakistan has recognized chinese sovereignty over the transkarakoram tract and Aksai chin since 1963. India controls approximately 55 percent of the land area of the region and 70% of its population, pakistan controls approximately 30% of the land, while china controls the remaining 15%. India adminiters jammu, the kashmir valley, ladakh and the Siachen Glacier. Pakistan administers Azad kashmir and Gilgit baltistan. China administers the Aksai chin region and the most uninhabited transkarakoram tract.
After the partition of india and a rebillion in the Western districts of the state, pakistani tribal militias invaded kashmir, leading the hindu ruler of jammu and kashmir to join india and starting the Indo pakistan war in 1947 which ended with a UN mediated seasfire along a line that was eventually named the line of control. After further fighting in the Indo pakistani war of 1965 and Indo pakistani war of 1971, the shimla agreement formally established the line of control between the two nations controlled territories. In 1999, armed conflict between the india and pakistan broke out again in the kargil war over the kargil district.
Since 1989 kashmir protest movements were created to voice kashmir disputes and greivances with indian government in the indian controlled kashmir valley with some kashmiri separatists in armed conflict with the indian government based on the demand of self determination. The 2010 were marked by further unrest erupting with in the kashmir valley. The 2010 kashmir unrest began after an alleged fake encounter between local youth and security forces. Thousand of youth pelted security forces with rocks, burned government offices, and attacked railway stations and official vehicles in steadily intensifying violence.
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