A Green Building is a building that, in its design, construction or operation, reduces or eliminates negative impacts and can positively impact our climate, natural environment, and human health and protect our natural resources.  Every material used in the Green Building construction is possibly made by recycling and reuse to make it more efficient and environmentally friendly.

Why do we need a Green Building?

In 2020, more than half the population ( approximately 56%) lived in urban areas, and half of them live in towns with less than half a million. The percentage of the population in urban areas is growing day by day due to migration. The total energy consumption of the whole world is approximately 13 terawatt-year (TWY), and it is predicted that by 2030, this energy consumption with increase by 300%. Almost 2/3rd of the world's population faces at least one-month water shortage every year. These are huge problems that we are going to face within few years. But Green Building has solutions to tackle these kinds of challenges. Not only these, but Green Building also fulfill other objectives such as protecting health; improving employees productivity; conservation of energy, water, and natural resources;  reduction of carbon dioxide emission; reduction of pollution and global warming; use of non-toxic and sustainable materials which don't harm the environment and much more. A Green Building is sustainable for all conditions.

Component of Green Building Technology :

1. Net Zero Concept: A building that can generate energy using other renewable sources of energy. This building often generates more energy than its necessity. This building is also known as Energy Plus Buildings.
2. HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning): Almost every building's 50% energy is used on HVAC. The HVAC system can control the energy consumption and temperature of buildings using dehumidified air. HVAC consists of eco-friendly water cool chillers to control temperature. The main objective of an HVAC system is to use the least amount of electricity in the building.
3. Low Emitting Material: This is a type of material which don't hurt air quality, human health, environment, and productivity. Generally, all materials used are non-toxic and sustainable. These materials can be used as interior paints, coatings, flooring, ceilings, walls, etc.
4. Active Solar Power: Active Solar Power converts solar radiation into electricity by the roof-top solar panel to use in households. However, the initial cost for its installation is very high. But in a long term, it'll reduce electricity bills significantly.
5. Green Insulation: Mostly, Cellulose uses green insulation, which is obtained from the recycling of newspapers. Wool insulation, slag and slabs, natural fiber insulation, Eurotherm bricks, perlite insulation, etc., are types of insulation used in Green Building Technology.
6. Water Conservation: It is one of the most basic principles of Green Buildings. It focuses on how to minimize water use in daily life. Water Harvesting through rainwater is the most common application among green buildings. Either the harvested water use directly, or it'll be stored directly in groundwater. This water can be drinkable by purification. Not only this, but the water used in daily life also recycle and reuse again to save groundwater through Green Building technology.

Certification:  Green Building needs U.S Green Building Council's (USGBC) LEED ( Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certificate is a must for Green Building. Total 100 points are involved in the LEED rating system, which is based on many categories such as water efficiency, energy, and atmosphere, materials and resources, indoor environmental quality, Innovation in design or operation, awareness and education, smart location and linkages, neighborhood pattern and design, Green infrastructure and buildings.

LEED's certifications are given in four categories :

1. LEED Certified: 40-49 points.
2. LEED Silver: 50-59 points.
3. LEED Gold: 60-79 points.
4. LEED Platinum: 80-100 points.

Hopefully, in the recent future world accepts Green Building technology and saves natural resources.

Green Building: The Future of Construction in the World

According to Bryn Davidson, Green Buildings are more than "Bricks and Mortar" for their versatile uses. Green Building not only environmentally friendly but also saves natural resources.