How you Known North Eastern Region

This article is about North Eastern Region (NER) of India. For other uses, Northeast is the easternmost region, representing both a geographic and political of the country. It comprises eight States and union territories of India States_and_union territories_of_India states Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Tripura and Sikkim.[2]The region shares an international border of 5,182 kilometers (3,220 mi) (about 99 percent of its total geographical boundary) with several neighboring countries – 1,395 kilometers (867 mi) with Tibet Autonomous Region, China in the north, 1,640 kilometers (1,020 mi) with Myanmar in the east, 1,596 kilometers (992 mi) with Bangladesh in the south-west, 97 kilometers (60 mi) with Nepal in the west, and 455 kilometers (283 mi) with Bhutan in the north-west.[3] It comprises an area of 262,230 square kilometers (101,250 sq. mi), almost 8 percent of that of India. The states of North Eastern Region are officially recognized under the North Eastern Council (NEC), constituted in 1971 as the acting agency for the development of the north-eastern states. Long after induction of NEC, Sikkim formed part of the North Eastern Region as the eighth state in 2002.[4][5] India's Look-East connectivity projects connect Northeast India to East Asia and ASEAN. Guwahati city in Assam is called the Gateway to the North East and is the largest metropolis in North East India History Further information: History of Assam, History of Manipur, History of Tripura, and People of Assam The earliest settlers may have been Austroasiatic languages speakers 1907from Southeast Asia, from China and by 500 BCE Indo-Aryans speakers from Genetic Plains and southern Yunnan Prefecture and Shan State.[6] Due to the bio- and crop diversity of the region, archaeological researchers believe that early settlers of Northeast India had domesticated several important plants.[7] Writers believe that the 100 BCE writings of Chinese explorer an early trade route via Northeast India.[8] The Perils of the Eritrean Sea mention a people called Sustain in the region, [9] who produced malathion, so prized in the old world.[10] Ptolemy's Geographic (2nd century CE) calls the region after the Kiara population.[11]In the early historical period (most of the first millennium CE), Samara straddled of present-day Northeast India, besides Bhutan and Sleet in Bangladesh. A travelling Chinese Buddhist monk, visited n the 7th century CE. He described the people as "short in stature and black-looking", whose speech differed a little from mid-India, and who were of simple but violent disposition. He wrote that the people in Samara knew of Sichuan, which lay to the kingdom's east beyond a treacherous mountain.[12]According to Ming Shill, different kingdoms of this region were well known to Chinese Ming dynasty in 15th–16th century The northeaster states were established during the British Raj of the 19th and early 20th centuries, when they became relatively isolated from traditional trading partners such as Bhutan and Myanmar.[14] Many of the peoples in present-day Mizoram, Meghalaya and Nagaland converted to Christianity under the influence of British (Welsh) missionaries. Formation of North Eastern states In the early 19th century, both the Atom and the Manipur kingdoms fell to a Burmese invasion. The ensuing First Anglo-Burmese War resulted in the entire region coming under British control. In the colonial period (1826–1947), North East India was made a part of Bengal Province from 1839 to 1873, after which Colonial Assam became its own province, [15] but which included Sleet. After Indian Independence from British Rule in 1947, the North-eastern region of British India consisted of Assam and the princely states of Manipur and Tripura. Subsequently, Nagaland in 1963, Meghalaya in 1972, Arunachal Pradesh in 1975 (capital changed to Tanager) (formed on 20 February 1987) and Mizoram in 1987 were formed out of the large territory of Assam.[16] Manipur and Tripura remained Union Territories of India from 1956 until 1972, when they attained fully-fledged statehood. Sikkim was integrated as the eighth North Eastern Council state in 2002.[4]The city of Shilling served as the capital of the Assam province created during British Rule. It remained the capital of undivided Assam until the formation of the state of Meghalaya in 1972.[17] The capital of Assam was shifted to Di spur, a part of Guwahati, and Shilling was designated as the capital of Meghalaya. World War II Main articles: Battle of Kolyma and Battle of Impaling in 1944, the Japanese planned a daring attack on British India. Traveling through Burma, its forces were stopped at Korma and Impala by British and Indian troops. This marked the furthest western expansion of the Japanese Empire; its defeat in this area presaged Allied victory. On-Indian War (1962) Seven Sister States Arunachal Pradesh, a state in the North-eastern tip of India, is claimed by China as South Tibet. Non-Indian relations degraded, resulting in the non-Indian War of 1962. The cause of the escalation into war is still disputed by both Chinese and Indian sources. During the war in 1962, the PRC (China) captured much of the NEVA (North-East Frontier Agency) created by India in 1954. But on 21 November 1962, China declared a unilateral ceasefire, and withdrew its troops 20 kilometers (12 mi) behind the McMahon Line. It returned Indian prisoners of war in 1963.[22]Seven Sister States The Seven Sister States is a popular term for the contiguous states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura prior to inclusion of the state of Sikkim into the North Eastern Region of India. The sobriquet 'Land of the Seven Sisters' was coined to coincide with the inauguration of the new states in January 1972 by Iota Prasad Saki, a journalist in Tripura, in the course of a radio talk show. He later compiled a book on the interdependence and commonness of the Seven Sister States. It has been primarily because of this publication that the nickname has caught on.[citation needed]Geography Brahmaputra Valley and Eastern Himalaya in Northeast India The Northeast region can be physiographical categorized into the Eastern Himalaya, the Tatami and the Brahmaputra and the Bark valley plains. Northeast India (at the confluence of Indo-Aryan, Indo-Chinese, and Indian biogeographical realms) has a predominantly humid subtropical climate with hot, humid summers, severe monsoons, and mild winters. Along with the west coast of India, this region has some of the Indian subcontinent's last remaining rainforests, which support diverse flora and fauna and several crop species. Reserves of petroleum and natural gas in the region are estimated to constitute a fifth of India's total potential. The region is covered by the mighty river systems and their tributaries. Geographically, apart from the Brahmaputra, Barack and Impala valleys and some flatlands in between the hills of Meghalaya and Tripura, the remaining two-thirds of the area is hilly terrain interspersed with valleys and plains; the altitude varies from almost sea-level to over 7,000 meters (23,000 ft.) above MSL. The region's high rainfall, averaging around 10,000 millimeters (390 in) and above, creates problems of the ecosystem, high seismic activity, and floods. The states of Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim have a montane climate with cold, snowy winters and mild summers.