Infectious disease transmission has become an important factor for public health concerns over the past years. For instance, while HIV/AIDS is transmitted through blood, its main mode of spreading is through bodily fluids (Bachette et al., 2011). Thus, the process of viral transmission can be easily tracked by observing infected individuals in their close vicinity to ensure that they remain in isolation. According to Bickram (2011), “these pathogens remain stable under laboratory conditions (i.e. at room temperature) for a period of only five hours” (p. 1). This finding implies that it is possible for water to maintain the integrity of coronavirus particles for longer periods than other environmental agents. The given paper will seek to review existing literature concerning this issue and find out whether moist and humid environments could be beneficial or detrimental to the infection rates within the community. As such, the paper will first outline the characteristics of microorganisms and how they contribute toward infectious diseases. Moreover, the focus will also discuss the role played by water in maintaining the level of infection rates and suggest some recommendations based on this evaluation. Among all the medical fields, microbiology has proved most useful in developing strategies aimed at reducing the chances of people catching infectious diseases. In his research, Lipset (2009) mentions that a number of techniques have been developed over the last few decades with the purpose of discovering new methods utilized by bacteria in combating various diseases. One of them is known as antigenic degradation (ADE). This means that a substance usually used by bacteria is produced by these organisms and can be utilized to neutralize the target organism and thus eliminate any potential threat. It is believed that when substances can effectively deactivated at different stages of growth, they can successfully destroy them once they reach maturity. For the given reason, there are quite a few studies that try to understand how moisture affects the population dynamics. By definition, wet environments provide a plethora of opportunities for the evolution of viral infections. When the waters around a person’s body are covered with water, there is a high risk of infection. At the same time, this type of environment promotes the survival of the host organism. For instance, if the water around her mouth, nose and eyes is dripped, she does not have much chance to survive a blow from someone’s hand. Such a scenario gives the virus with the opportunity to complete its replication cycle faster than her defenses can cope with them. Similarly, the combination of both wet environments and increased activity of antiviral defenses can result in the development of antibiotic resistance.
It is important to realize that the presence of water is a critical part of modern life. Even the basic chemical reactions take place thanks to water. For instance, heat can be created without losing heat and so can electricity production without being contaminated with water. Similarly, water does everything for us too, as can be seen in the functioning of the human nervous system in case of drowning. A person would suffer greatly should he/she should lose his/her life and the presence of water makes things even worse. Along with the idea of humidity and temperature, many researches explain the effects that water can have on our ecosystem. For instance, it is claimed that water evaporates from hot surfaces, therefore contributing to the increase in the heat transfer rate. As a result, the temperatures are elevated, affecting the population structure around water sources. As a rule, cold temperature tends to result in higher bacterial growth levels. As far as irrigation is concerned, it is important to note that soil moistness can influence the living standards of organisms of various types. To start with, microbial concentration depends directly on the surface area that is exposed to rainwater. The second factor presupposes that the amount of water left to the atmosphere influences the quality of plants growing within it. In turn, the third factor can imply that soil drying out can also cause damage to plants and a decrease in their nutritional content (Ning et al., 2016). Therefore, it can be concluded that the phenomenon of soil wetting can have significant negative repercussions on both the habitat and populations of bacteria as well as viruses. From this point, it helps to establish the link between the living conditions of humans and their environment as well as help to determine how healthy humans might be after the release of pollutants and other contaminants into the air. Nowadays, we also possess technologies that enable us to estimate the concentration of particles in the air. In addition to the information obtained through computer analysis, a vast number of sensors can also provide valuable data which can serve as key tools in determining the concentrations of various chemical compounds in the air. The given type of information is especially helpful when assessing areas where particulate matter can be accumulated. Since water contains large volumes and particles, the latter are often suspended in water, it becomes rather hard to identify them. Fortunately, the usage of electronic devices allows locating them quickly.
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