Effect of food sources of nitrate, polyphenols, on endurance exercise performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background

Increasing the bioavailability of nitric oxide may have physiological effects that improve performance during endurance exercises. The purpose of this review was to assess how eating foods that contain compounds that may increase the bioavailability of nitric oxide would affect performance.

Techniques

After searching Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid  and Sports is us, studies evaluating endurance performance after consuming nitrate, L-arginine, or polyphenol-containing foods were included. Subgroup analyses based on food sources, fitness, type of performance test, and supplementation protocol were carried out as part of a random effects meta-analysis.

Outcomes

The meta-analysis comprised one hundred and eighteen studies, comprising three studies, 56 nitrate studies, and 59 polyphenol studies. There was no discernible impact on exercise performance after consuming foods high in (SMD=-0.03, p=0.24).

intake in half-marathons, (ultra-)marathon and 10-km runners – results from the  study (Step 2)

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September 27, 2021, saw the publication of the original article.

Announcement regarding: J Int Soc Sports  18, 64 (2021)

10.1186/s12970-021-00460-2 is the link to this article.

The authorship of each article was incorrectly flipped in the original [1] publication. This has been updated since then.

Nine weeks of high-intensity indoor cycling training induced changes in the microbiota composition in non-athlete healthy male college students

Background

The gut microbiota is a dynamic microbial system that is subject to ongoing environmental stressors, such as physical activity. Exercise may improve gut health by increasing microbial diversity, according to a small body of research on humans. However, the effects of exercise on gut microbial microorganisms vary in terms of intensity and duration. This study looked at how young, healthy adults' gut microbiota composition changed after nine weeks of high-intensity interval training.

Techniques

Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, the gut microbiota composition of seventeen healthy male college students was examined both before and after they trained for nine weeks on high-intensity interval cycling. Pre-post differences in the relative abundance of all taxonomic levels were tested, as well as correlations between variations in microbial composition, using for repeated measures.

Background

Ultra-endurance riders frequently report a range of physiological during long-distance bike rides, including symptoms that may be related to kidney function, such as body part swelling and urine abnormalities. In addition to shedding light on potential predictors related to the ride, the rider, and the rider's behavior, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of these symptoms in a representative cohort of ultra-endurance cyclists.

Techniques

1350 people took part in an online survey between November 26, 2020, and December 14, 2020, to learn more about potential kidney-related symptoms of ultra-distance cycling. Perceived changes in urine output, concentration, and quality, as well as the frequency and severity of edema-like ("swelling") symptoms, were linked to ride-related factors, demographic parameters, and rider behavior-related variables.

In conclusion

Despite similar intakes, our study shows lower erythrocyte concentrations of Cu in individuals who regularly engage in physical training. However, although the trend was comparable to that seen in erythrocytes, there were no appreciable variations in the concentrations of extracellular substances (plasma, serum, and urine) or platelets. The results in erythrocytes might be the consequence of Cu nutritional deficiencies in earlier months.

Because of the results, we propose that in order to get a comprehensive evaluation, athletes who engage in regular physical training should have their TME condition examined in both extracellular and intracellular compartments. Regular evaluations of Cu concentrations are recommended in order to prevent deficiencies in athletes. Additionally, since this could provide information, we encourage researchers to evaluate TME concentrations in platelets.