Information and communication technology (ICT) is an extended term for information technology (IT) that emphasizes the role of unified communications and telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals) and computers as well as essential enterprise software, middleware.
ICT is also used to refer to the convergence of audio and visual and telephone networks with computer networks through a single cabling or link system. There are large economic incentives to merge telephone networks with computer network systems using a single integrated system of cabling, signal distribution and management. ICT is an umbrella term that includes any communication equipment, including radio, television, cell phones, computer and network hardware, satellite systems, etc., as well as various services and equipment that accompany them, such as video conferencing and distance learning. ICT also includes analog technology such as paper communication, and any method for transmits communication.
It can encompass any product that will store, retrieve, manipulate, transmit or receive information electronically in digital form (for example, smartphones, digital television). The Skills Framework for the Information Age is one of several models to describe and manage competencies for ICT professionals for the 21st century.
The world's technological capacity to store information increased from 2.6 exabytes in 1986 to 15.8 in 1993, 54.5 in 2000 and 295 (better compressed) exabytes in 2007 and some 5 zeta bytes in 2014. This is informational equivalent to 1.25 stacks. The number of CD-ROMs from Earth to Moon in 2007, and from Earth to Sun in 2014 equaled 4,500 stacks of printed books. The world's technological capacity for receiving information through a one-way broadcast network was 432 exabytes (the finest). In 1986, 715 (optimally compressed) exabytes in 1993, 1.2 (optimally compressed) zettabytes in 2000, and 1.9 zettabytes in 2007. The world's effective capacity of exchanging information through a two-way telecommunications network was 281 petabytes (optimally compressed) of information in 1986, 471 petabytes in 1993, 2.2 (optimally compressed) exabytes in 2000, 65 (better compressed) exabytes and in 2014 some 100 exabytes. The world's ability to compute information with technological human-guided general-purpose computers increased from 3.0 × 10^8 MIPS in 1986 to 6.4 x 10^12 MIPS in 2007.
A conduit requires a connection to a supply line, which may be a telephone line or an Internet line for ICT. Accessing supplies requires investment in proper infrastructure from a commercial company or local government and recurring payments from the user after the line is set up. For this reason, the drain usually divides people based on their geographic locations. According to a Pew Research Center survey report, rural Americans are 12% less likely to have broadband access than other Americans, making them less likely to own devices. Additionally, these costs can be prohibitive for low-income households with access to ICT. These difficulties have led to a shift towards mobile technology; Fewer people are buying broadband connections and instead rely on their smartphones for internet access, which can be found for free in public places such as libraries. In fact, smartphones are on the rise, with 37% of Americans using a smartphone as their primary medium for Internet access [and 96% of Americans owning a smartphone.
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