Researchers from KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stanford University have fabricated a material for computer components that enable the commercial viability of computers that mimic the human brain Electrochemical random access (EC RAM) memory components made with 2D titanium carbide showed outstanding potential for complementing classical transistor technology, and contributing toward commercialization of powerful computers that are modeled after the brain’s neural network. Such neurotrophic computers can be thousands of times more energy efficient than today’s computers these advances in computing are possible because of some fundamental differences from the classic computing architecture in use today, and the EC RAM, a component that acts as a sort of synaptic cell in an artificial neural network, says KTH Associate Professor Max Ahmedi.
“Instead of transistors that are either on or off, and the need for information to be carried back and forth between the processor and memory—these new computers rely on components that can have multiple states, and perform in-memory computation,” Ahmedi says the scientists at KTH and Stanford have focused on testing better materials for building an EC RAM, a component in which switching occurs by inserting ions into an oxidation channel, in a sense similar to our brain which also works with ions. What has been needed to make these chips commercially viable are materials that overcome the slow kinetics of metal oxides and the poor temperature stability of plastics"The key material in the EC RAM units that the researchers fabricated is referred to as Maxine—a two-dimensional (2D) compound, barely a few atoms thick, consisting of titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx)
The Maxine combines the high speed of organic chemistry with the integration compatibility of inorganic materials in a single device operating at the nexus of electrochemistry and electronics, Ahmedi says The scientists at KTH and Stanford have focused on testing better materials for building an EC RAM, a component in which switching occurs by inserting ions into an oxidation channel, in a sense similar to our brain which also works with ions what has been needed to make these chips commercially viable are materials that overcome the slow kinetics of metal oxides and the poor temperature stability of plastics the key material in the EC RAM units that the researchers fabricated is referred to as Maxine—a two-dimensional (2D) compound, barely a few atoms thick, consisting of titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) The Maxine combines the high speed of organic chemistry with the integration compatibility of inorganic materials in a single device operating at the nexus of electrochemistry and electronics
Ahmedi says Co-author Professor Alberto Sallow at Stanford University, says that Maxine EC RAMs combine the speed, linearity, write noise, switching energy, and endurance metrics essential for parallel acceleration of artificial neural networks while there are many other barriers to overcome before consumers can buy their own neurotrophic computers, Ahmedi says the 2D EC RAMs represent a breakthrough at least in the area of neurotrophic materials, potentially leading to artificial intelligence that can adapt to confusing input and nuance, the way the brain does with thousands time smaller energy consumption this can also enable portable devices capable of much heavier computing tasks without having to rely on the cloud
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