TYPES OF CYBERATTACKS
Malware is a type of software designed through which the criminals gain illegal access.
Harming
It is a scamming practice in which malicious code is installed on a personal computer or server, misdirecting users to permission. It has been called "phishing without a trap". It is another way hackers attempt to manipulate users on the internet. It is a cyber-attack intended to redirect a website's traffic to a fake site. This can lead to fraud or identity theft. Users should always be cautious when redirected to a fake site.
Phishing
It is a type of computer crime used to attack, steal user data, including login name, password and credit card numbers. It occurs when an attacker targets a victim into opening an email or an instant text message. The attacker uses phishing to distribute malicious links or attachments that can perform a variety of functions, including the extraction of sensitive login credentials from victims. This can lead to fraud or identity theft. Users should always be cautious when opening emails or attachments.
Man in the Middle
Man in the middle attack (also Janus attack) is an attack where the attacker secretly relays and possibly alters the communication between two parties who believe they are directly communicating with each other.
Cookies
A cookie (also called HTTP cookie, web cookie, internet cookie, browser cookie, or simply cookie) is a small piece of data sent from a website and stored on the user's computer memory by the user's web browser while the user is browsing the internet. Cookies were designed to be a reliable mechanism for websites to remember stateful information (such as items added to the shopping cart in an online store) or to record the user's browsing activity (including clicking particular buttons, logging in etc.) They can also be used to remember arbitrary pieces of information that the user previously entered into form fields such as names, addresses, passwords, and credit card numbers. From the security point of view, if cookie data is not encrypted, any anonymous user can access the cookie information and misuse it.
If you returned to a site and have seen your name mysteriously disappear on the screen, it is because on a previous visit, you gave your name to the site, and it was stored in a cookie. A good example of this is the way some online shopping sites will make recommendations to users based on their previous purchases. It helps to monitor advertisements. Cookies do not act maliciously on the computer system. They are merely text files that can be deleted at any time.
Cookies cannot be used to spread viruses and they cannot access your hard drive. However, any personal information that you provide to a website, including credit card information, will most likely be stored in a cookie unless the cookie feature is explicitly turned off in your browser. This is the way in which cookies threaten privacy.
Encryption and Decryption
Encryption and decryption are processes that ensure confidentiality that only authorized persons can access the information.
Encryption is the process of translating the plain text data (plaintext) into random and mangled data (called cipher text)
Decryption is the reverse process of converting the cipher text back to plaintext. Encryption and decryption are done by cryptography a key is a piece of information (parameter) that determines the functional output of a cryptographic algorithm.
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