In order to demonstrate end-to-end capability for safe landing and wandering on the lunar surface, Chandrayaan-3 is a follow-up mission to Chandrayaan-2. It is configured with Landers and Rovers. LVM3 will launch it out of SDSC SHARE . The lander and rover configuration will be propelled by the propulsion module up to a 100-kilometer lunar orbit. To examine the spectral and colorimetric data of Earth from the lunar orbit, the propulsion module is equipped with the Spectro-Colorimetric of Habitable Planet Earth (SHAPE) payload.
Lander payloads include the Langmuir Probe (LP), Chandra's Surface Thermophysical Experiment (Chaste), the Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity (ILEA), and Chandra's Surface Thermophysical Experiment (Chaste), which measures thermal conductivity and temperature. For lunar laser ranging investigations, the space agency NASA has provided a passive laser retroreflector array.
The Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APX S) and Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIES) are rover payloads that are used to determine the elemental composition close to the landing site.
With the aim of researching and showcasing new technology necessary for interplanetary missions, Chandrayaan-3 is made up of an indigenous lander module (LM), propulsion module (PM), and rover. The Lander will be able to soft land at a chosen location on the moon and release the Rover, which will conduct in-situ chemical analysis of the lunar surface while it is moving. There are scientific payloads on the Lander and the Rover that will conduct lunar surface tests. The main job of PM is to transport the LM from injection into the launch vehicle to the final 100 km circular polar orbit of the moon and then to release the LM from PM.
In addition to this, the Propulsion Module carries a scientific payload that will operate when the Lander Module separates. LVM3 M4 has been identified as the launch vehicle for Chandrayaan-3, and it will deposit the integrated module in an elliptic parking orbit (EPO) with a dimension of approximately 170 x 36500 km.
The goals of Chandrayaan-3's mission are:
To show a safe and soft landing on the surface of the moon To showcase roving lunar rover technology to carry out in-situ scientific research.
Several cutting-edge technologies, including those listed below, are present in Lander to help with mission goals.
Timers: RF and Laser-Based
Timers Velocimeters: Lander Horizontal Velocity Camera and Laser Doppler Velocipede
Laser-based inertial referencing and accelerometer package for inertial measurement
Propulsion Mechanism: Throttleable engine Control Electronics, 800N throttleable Liquid Engines, and 58N Attitude thrustersNGC: navigation, guidance, and control Design for Powered Descent Trajectory and related software components
Identifying and avoiding hazards Hazard Detection and Avoidance for Landers Landing Leg Mechanism for the Camera and Processing Algorithm
Several Lander specific tests have been designed and successfully executed to showcase the aforementioned advanced technology in real-world settings, including the following.
Integrated Cold Test: A performance test for integrated sensors and navigation using a helicopter as the test platform
Lander Leg mechanism performance test on a lunar simulator test bed mimicking various touch down situations. Integrated Hot test - For the demonstration of closed loop performance test with sensors, actuators, and NGC using Tower crane as test platform.
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