Prepositions before conjunctions
Prepositions can be followed by conjunctions in some cases, but not in others.
Indirect speech:
Prepositions dropped before that Prepositions are not used directly before the conjunction that. In indirect speech, after words that refer to saying, writing, thinking, etc. Prepositions are usually dropped before that-clauses.
That clause গুলির পরে preposition ব্যবহার করা হয় না।
Compare:
- I knew about his problems.
I knew that he had problems, (not ;
- She had no idea of my state of mind.)
She had no idea that I was unhappy.
- I wasn't aware of the time.
I wasn’t aware that it was so late.
Emotional reactions:
Prepositions are also dropped before that after many common words that refer to emotional reactions.
Emotional reactions এর পরেও prepositions ব্যবহার করা হয়।
Compare:
- We are sorry about the delay.
We are sorry that the train is late,
(not....... sorry about that the train is late)
- I was surprised at her strength.
I was surprised that she was so strong, (not........... surprised at that she was........) the fact that in other cases (not involving indirect speech or words referring to emotional reactions) prepositions cannot so often be dropped before that-clauses. Instead, the expression the fact is generally put between the preposition and that.
যখন কোনো fact বর্ননা করা হয়, তখন Preposition ব্যবহার করতে হয়। এমনকি fact টি Preposition ও that এর মাঝখানে রাখা হয়
The judge paid a lot o f attention to the fact that the child was unhappy at home.
He said the parents were responsible for the fact that the child had run away.
Question words
After some very common words like tell, ask, depend, sure, idea, look, prepositions can be dropped before: who, which, what, where, whether and other question words. This is especially common in indirect questions.
কিছু সাধারণ শব্দ যেমন tell, ask, depend, এগুলির পরে এবং Who, which, what, whether, এই শব্দ গুলির পূর্বে prepositions ব্যবহার করতে হয় না।
Compare:
- Tell me about your trip.
Tell me (about) where you went.
- I asked her about her religious beliefs.
I asked her whether she believed in God. (More natural than I asked her about whether she believed in God.)
- We may be late - it depends on the traffic.
We may be late - it depends (on) how much traffic there is.
- I’m not sure of his method.
I'm not sure how he does it. (More natural Than, I’m not sure o f how he does it.)
- I’ve no idea o f the owner.
I’ve no idea (of) who owns it.
- Look at this.
Look (at) what I’ve got.
In other cases, it is unusual or impossible to leave out the preposition.
অন্য সব ক্ষেত্রে prepositions ব্যবহার করতে হয়।
I'm worried about where she is. (not I’m worried where she is.)
The police questioned me about what I'd seen, (not The police questioned me what I’d seen.)
There's the question of who’s going to pay.
(More natural than........... who's going to pay.)
People's chances of getting jobs vary according to whether they live in the North or the South, (not....... according to whether.......)
If it does not normally follow prepositions; we use whether instead.
I'm worried about whether you're happy, (not...... I'm worried about if...........)
Source, Practical English Usage by Michael Swan. To buy the book, click on button:
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