We all know, reproductive system plays an important role in environment. From animals to birds, reproduction is a key to generate their population. By the way, human body also has structured reproductive system. In reproductive system, gonads is one of the major concept. Let's look into the topic in detail.
Gonads in males:
Gonads are controlled by hypothalamus in pituitary. The hypothalamus regulates the pituitary gland by producing hormone that going into the blood stream. When hypothalamus produce gonad hormone, that will stimulate anterior pituitary. So, Anterior pituitary gland produce Follicles Stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH). Both of these hormone impacts in gonads. And in males, there are two different hormones in testis, FSH will bind to cells called sertoli. These are the cells that surround the germ cells that develop into sperm. So sertoli plays an important role in producing meiosis. Where the LH produces leydig cells. These are the cells going to produce testosterone. But, in males, less amount of estrogen is produced. This estrogen also produced by leydig cells. Seminiferous tubules contain the sertoli cells and the germ cell. So in thes tubules, germ cells will convert into sperms. Leydig cells are found in between seminiferous tubules. When testosterone produced, it has a negative feedback regulation mechanism. That is when testosterone level is high, it will tell the hypothalamus to decrease the level which will send feedback to pituitary to decrease FSH and LH. Increased testosterone stimulates Sertoli cells to make inhibin, which inhibits the anterior pituitary. When testosterone level is low, it triggers the hypothalamus to gonads for production of testosterone.
Gonads in female:
In females, the hypothalamus also makes gonads releasing hormone, which stimulate the anterior pituitary gland. Then the Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH). These hormones targets in different cells in the ovary, compare to the testis. In the ovary, follicles develop and the egg matures. When the egg matures, it will move towards the fallopian tube. It will get fertilized , while in the travelling period of egg in fallopian tube. After fertilization, it will implant in the uterus. These follicles stimulating hormone targets granulosa, granulosa will help in the production of meiosis,which plays an important role in ovulation. Luteinizing hormone targets theca cells. Theca cells are responsible for producing estrogen. Where testosterone produced in female body gets converted into estrogen by Aromatase. testosterone and estrogen produces in both male and female reproductive system. But males have high testosterone and female have estrogen. Both have cycle, where male produces sperms and female produces eggs in fertile conditions by the time period of 28 days. In females, if the eggs does not fertile, it undergoes menstruation.
Conclusions:
Menstruation of female completes with the help of corpus luteum. Then the blood and egg will regenerate after menstruation. This is the whole reproduction system, in which gonads play an important role. The menstruation cycle will be from 3 to 7 days. Thus, this helps you to understand the concept about the gonads. Gonads plays an important role in reproductive system of both male amd female..
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